Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo, Hernández Torres Rosa P, Wall Medrano Abraham, Urquídez Romero René, Barahona Igor, Villalobos Molina Rafael
Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Járez.
Nutr Hosp. 2017 Oct 24;34(5):1112-1118. doi: 10.20960/nh.744.
Body shape (BSP) and body image (BI) are part of the external physical structure, then modifications in body shape necessarily affect body image; however, both combined have not been studied. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the statistical relationship between BSP and BI in university students.
Two hundred and ninety-six participants (17-35 years) were included in this study. Different anthropometric measurements were used to define their somatotype (BSP), body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). In addition, a questionnaire on body image perception was applied (McElhone et al.), regarding "how do I look?", "how do I think others see me?", "how do others see me?", and "how do I want to look like?".
On average, men perceived themselves in normal weight; in contrast, women perceived themselves as overweight. Men were meso-endomorphic, while women were endo-mesomorphic as an average.
Body shape measured as somatotype as well as WC and WHR were excellent determinants of body image. Participants who presented a higher endomorphy, WC and WHR and a lower ectomorphy had a higher appreciation of being overweight or obese and wish to become thinner.
体型（BSP）和身体意象（BI）是外部身体结构的一部分，因此体型的改变必然会影响身体意象；然而，两者结合起来的情况尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是评估大学生中体型与身体意象之间的统计关系。
本研究纳入了296名参与者（年龄在17 - 35岁之间）。使用不同的人体测量方法来定义他们的体型（BSP）、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）和腰围（WC）。此外，应用了一份关于身体意象感知的问卷（麦克尔霍恩等人编制），涉及“我看起来怎么样？”“我认为别人如何看我？”“别人如何看我？”以及“我想看起来怎么样？”等问题。
平均而言，男性认为自己体重正常；相比之下，女性认为自己超重。男性平均为中胚层 - 内胚层体型，而女性平均为内胚层 - 中胚层体型。
以体型以及腰围和腰臀比来衡量的体型是身体意象的极佳决定因素。具有较高内胚层成分、腰围和腰臀比以及较低外胚层成分的参与者对自己超重或肥胖的认知更高，并且希望变瘦。
