Bhardwaj Deepshikha, Mitra Connie, Narasimhulu Chandrakala Aluganti, Riad Aladdin, Doomra Mitsushita, Parthasarathy Sampath
Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
J Med Food. 2017 Dec;20(12):1141-1151. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0093. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder of the brain. The presence of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), loss of neurons, synapses, and altered sensory perceptions, including memory loss, delineate AD. However, the cause of AD is not clearly known. Several genetic and nongenetic factors have been implicated in the disease. Of the genes, the ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E is the largest known genetic risk factor of AD. This review article focuses on the various genetic and other predisposing factors that account for AD, pathophysiology of the disease, and the mechanisms by which Aβ plaques and NFTs are formed and could affect AD brain. In addition, recent advances and current diagnostics available for AD patients are detailed. As oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology of the disease, special emphasis is given for nutrition based antioxidant therapies and interventional strategies for reducing/treating AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种与年龄相关的脑部神经退行性疾病。β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块、神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）的存在、神经元和突触的丧失以及包括记忆丧失在内的感觉知觉改变，都可明确诊断AD。然而，AD的病因尚不清楚。多种遗传和非遗传因素与该疾病有关。在这些基因中，载脂蛋白E的ɛ4等位基因是已知最大的AD遗传风险因素。这篇综述文章重点关注导致AD的各种遗传及其他易感因素、该疾病的病理生理学，以及Aβ斑块和NFTs形成并可能影响AD大脑的机制。此外，还详细介绍了AD患者的最新进展和当前可用的诊断方法。由于氧化应激与该疾病的病因有关，因此特别强调基于营养的抗氧化疗法以及减少/治疗AD的干预策略。
