1 Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig.
2 Department of Applied Computer Science, University of Leipzig.
Psychol Sci. 2018 Jan;29(1):147-153. doi: 10.1177/0956797617734315. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
Abel and Kruger (2010) found that the smile intensity of professional baseball players who were active in 1952, as coded from photographs, predicted these players' longevity. In the current investigation, we sought to replicate this result and to extend the initial analyses. We analyzed (a) a sample that was almost identical to the one from Abel and Kruger's study using the same database and inclusion criteria ( N = 224), (b) a considerably larger nonoverlapping sample consisting of other players from the same cohort ( N = 527), and (c) all players in the database ( N = 13,530 valid cases). Like Abel and Kruger, we relied on categorical smile codings as indicators of positive affectivity, yet we supplemented these codings with subjective ratings of joy intensity and automatic codings of positive affectivity made by computer programs. In both samples and for all three indicators, we found that positive affectivity did not predict mortality once birth year was controlled as a covariate.
阿贝尔和克鲁格（2010）发现，根据照片编码的 1952 年活跃的职业棒球运动员的微笑强度，预测了这些运动员的寿命。在当前的研究中，我们试图复制这一结果，并扩展最初的分析。我们分析了（a）一个与阿贝尔和克鲁格研究几乎相同的样本，使用相同的数据库和纳入标准（N=224）；（b）一个由同一队列中其他运动员组成的规模较大的非重叠样本（N=527）；以及（c）数据库中的所有运动员（N=13530 个有效案例）。与阿贝尔和克鲁格一样，我们依赖于分类微笑编码作为积极情感的指标，但我们用主观的快乐强度评分和计算机程序自动编码的积极情感补充了这些编码。在两个样本中，对于所有三个指标，我们发现积极情感并不能预测死亡率，一旦将出生年份作为协变量进行控制。
