Satoh S, Poe W E, Wilson R P
Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762.
J Nutr. 1989 Jan;119(1):23-8. doi: 10.1093/jn/119.1.23.
A 10-wk experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing a 5% tristearin basal diet with linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)], linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)], an n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) mixture, cod liver oil, corn oil or linseed oil on growth and fatty acid composition of the liver polar lipid fraction of fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). The lowest weight gain was observed in fish fed the basal diet. Weight gain was improved by certain levels of supplemental n-3 fatty acids. Fish fed a diet containing 2% 18:3(n-3) grew at the same rate as fish fed a diet containing 2.5% cod liver oil plus 2.5% corn oil. The best growth rate was observed in fish fed diets containing either 5% cod liver oil or 5% linseed oil. Growth rate was depressed by supplementation with 4% 18:3(n-3) or 1.25% n-3 HUFA mix. No improvement in growth rate was observed with dietary 18:2(n-6). Dietary linolenate was converted to docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3)]. The ratio of 20:3(n-9) to 22:6(n-3) of the fish showing good growth was less than 0.4. The data obtained in this experiment indicate that n-3 fatty acids are essential for channel catfish and that the 18:3(n-3) or n-3 HUFA dietary requirement is 1.0-2.0% or 0.5-0.75%, respectively.
进行了一项为期10周的实验，以确定在5%硬脂酸基础日粮中添加亚油酸[18:2(n-6)]、亚麻酸[18:3(n-3)]、n-3高不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 HUFA）混合物、鱼肝油、玉米油或亚麻籽油对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼肝脏极性脂质部分的生长和脂肪酸组成的影响。喂食基础日粮的鱼体重增加最少。某些水平的n-3脂肪酸补充剂可改善体重增加。喂食含2% 18:3(n-3)日粮的鱼生长速度与喂食含2.5%鱼肝油加2.5%玉米油日粮的鱼相同。喂食含5%鱼肝油或5%亚麻籽油日粮的鱼生长速度最佳。添加4% 18:3(n-3)或1.25% n-3 HUFA混合物会抑制生长速度。日粮添加18:2(n-6)未观察到生长速度改善。日粮中的亚麻酸酯可转化为二十二碳六烯酸[22:6(n-3)]。生长良好的鱼的20:3(n-9)与22:6(n-3)的比例小于0.4。本实验获得的数据表明，n-3脂肪酸对斑点叉尾鮰至关重要，18:3(n-3)或n-3 HUFA的日粮需求量分别为1.0-2.0%或0.5-0.75%。
