Islam Golam S, Wang Qi, Sabour Parviz M
Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 5C9.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1681:71-87. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7343-9_6.
Due to emerging antibiotic-resistant strains among the pathogens, a variety of strategies, including therapeutic application of bacteriophages, have been suggested as a possible alternative to antibiotics in food animal production. As pathogen-specific biocontrol agents, bacteriophages are being studied intensively. Primarily their applications in the food industry and animal production have been recognized in the USA and Europe, for pathogens including Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Listeria. However, the viability of orally administered phage may rapidly reduce under the harsh acidic conditions of the stomach, presence of enzymes and bile. It is evident that bacteriophages, intended for phage therapy by oral administration, require efficient protection from the acidic environment of the stomach and should remain active in the animal's gastrointestinal tract where pathogen colonizes. Encapsulation of phages by spray drying or extrusion methods can protect phages from the simulated hostile gut conditions and help controlled release of phages to the digestive system when appropriate formulation strategy is implemented.
由于病原体中出现了抗生素耐药菌株，人们提出了多种策略，包括噬菌体的治疗应用，作为食品动物生产中抗生素的一种可能替代方案。作为病原体特异性生物防治剂，噬菌体正在被深入研究。在美国和欧洲，噬菌体主要在食品工业和动物生产中的应用得到认可，针对的病原体包括沙门氏菌、弯曲杆菌、大肠杆菌和李斯特菌。然而，口服噬菌体在胃的恶劣酸性条件、酶和胆汁的存在下，其活力可能会迅速降低。显然，用于口服噬菌体治疗的噬菌体需要有效保护免受胃的酸性环境影响，并且应在病原体定植的动物胃肠道中保持活性。通过喷雾干燥或挤压方法对噬菌体进行包封，可以保护噬菌体免受模拟的恶劣肠道条件影响，并在实施适当的配方策略时有助于将噬菌体控制释放到消化系统中。
