a Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física , Universidad de A Coruña , A Coruña , España.
b Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2018 Feb;18(1):140-149. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1400109. Epub 2017 Nov 14.
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and are considered to be at epidemic levels worldwide. This is a cross-sectional multi-country study based on data from the European Social Survey round 7, 2014, comprising 30,826 participants (14,813 men) with mean age 50.4 ± 18.0. Physical activity and chronic diseases were self-reported. Men and women who practiced physical activity more often had lower odds of having heart problems, breathing problems, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Engaged in physical activity 2-4 times/week and ≥5 times/week decrease the odds of having heart problems, high blood pressure, breathing problems, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, compared with men and women who engaged in physical activity 1 or less times per week. For the women, the practice of physical activity ≥5 times/week was significantly and negatively associated with having cancer, when compared with women who engaged in physical activity 1 or less times per week. Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases, in particular: heart problems, high blood pressure, breathing problems, allergies, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Furthermore, even small amounts of weekly physical activity seem to decrease the risk of chronic diseases.
慢性病是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，被认为在全球范围内呈流行趋势。这是一项基于 2014 年欧洲社会调查第 7 轮数据的多国横断面研究，共有 30826 名参与者（14813 名男性），平均年龄为 50.4±18.0 岁。身体活动和慢性疾病均为自我报告。经常进行身体活动的男性和女性，患心脏病、呼吸问题、2 型糖尿病和肥胖的几率较低。与每周进行身体活动 1 次或更少次的男性和女性相比，每周进行 2-4 次和≥5 次身体活动，可降低患心脏病、高血压、呼吸问题、2 型糖尿病和肥胖的几率。对于女性来说，与每周进行身体活动 1 次或更少次相比，每周进行≥5 次身体活动与患癌症显著负相关。身体活动与较低的慢性病风险相关，特别是：心脏病、高血压、呼吸问题、过敏、2 型糖尿病和肥胖。此外，即使每周进行少量的身体活动似乎也能降低慢性病的风险。
