Ann Nutr Metab. 2017;71(3-4):217-223. doi: 10.1159/000484446. Epub 2017 Nov 14.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of lifestyle factors and molecular biomarkers on the maintenance of the weight lost after a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet.
After 3 months on a diet, patients (n = 335) remained with no controlled diet during 3 years and they were revaluated.
Using linear regression, in the group of responders, we detected that a positive weight loss at 3 months, serum levels of leptin at 3 months, and each 30 min per week of physical activity were associated with weight loss maintenance. In the model with reduced weight (RW) as dependent variable, a positive weight loss at 3 months was associated with 2.4% RW (95% CI 1.31-8.11; p = 0.015), each unit of serum leptin levels at 3 months with -0.44% RW (95% CI -0.59 to -0.020; p = 0.007), each basal unit homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level with -2.32% (95% CI -13.01 to -0.17; p = 0.040), and each 30 min per week of physical activity with 1.58% RW (95% CI 1.08-2.94; p = 0.020).
Obese subjects who are on maintenance weight loss after a dietary intervention appear to have a better initial response during the 3 months intervention, more physical activity at 3 years, and lower basal HOMA-IR and leptin after weight loss than those who regain weight.
背景/目的：本研究旨在评估生活方式因素和分子生物标志物对低热量地中海饮食减肥后体重维持的影响。
患者（n=335）在接受 3 个月饮食治疗后，3 年内不控制饮食，并进行重新评估。
使用线性回归，在应答者组中，我们发现 3 个月时体重减轻呈阳性、3 个月时瘦素血清水平和每周 30 分钟的体力活动与体重维持相关。在以体重减轻（RW）为因变量的模型中，3 个月时体重减轻呈阳性与 2.4% RW 相关（95% CI 1.31-8.11；p=0.015），3 个月时瘦素血清水平每增加一个单位与 -0.44% RW 相关（95% CI -0.59 至 -0.020；p=0.007），每个基础稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）水平与 -2.32% RW 相关（95% CI -13.01 至 -0.17；p=0.040），每周 30 分钟的体力活动与 1.58% RW 相关（95% CI 1.08-2.94；p=0.020）。
在饮食干预后维持体重减轻的肥胖患者在 3 个月干预期间似乎有更好的初始反应，3 年内体力活动更多，体重减轻后基础 HOMA-IR 和瘦素水平更低。
