Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China.
Pharmacology. 2018;101(1-2):104-110. doi: 10.1159/000479878. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
Adverse drug reactions occur frequently and can trigger pseudoallergy, which has become a serious threat to public health. Pseudoallergy is a typical non-immune anaphylactic reaction characterized by the independence of antigen-specific immune responses. In the clinic, pseudoallergy is often elicited by the first dose of medication, and here lies its unpredictability and occasional lethal outcome. However, the mechanisms of pseudoallergy are not well understood. This review focusses on the causes and mechanisms of pseudoallergy induced by drugs. Two categories of mechanisms will be considered, namely, (1) complement activation-related pseudoallergy and (2) mast cell activation-related pseudoallergy. The factors that induce pseudoallergy include opioid drugs, complement activation-related pseudoallergenic drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and traditional Chinese medicine injections.
药物不良反应发生率高，可诱发假性过敏反应，成为严重的公共卫生威胁。假性过敏反应是一种典型的非免疫性过敏反应，其特征是抗原特异性免疫反应的独立性。临床上，假性过敏反应常由首次用药引起，这使其具有不可预测性和偶发性致命性。然而，假性过敏反应的机制尚不清楚。本综述重点讨论药物引起的假性过敏反应的原因和机制。将考虑两种机制，即（1）补体激活相关假性过敏反应和（2）肥大细胞激活相关假性过敏反应。引起假性过敏反应的因素包括阿片类药物、补体激活相关假性致敏药物、非甾体抗炎药和中药注射液。
