Mansury Davood, Khaledi Azad, Ghazvini Kiarash, Sabbagh Mahin Ghorban, Zare Hosna, Rokni-Hosseini Mohammad Hossein, Vazini Hossein
>From the Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2018 Jun;16(3):282-286. doi: 10.6002/ect.2016.0311. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
Over the past 2 decades, significant advances have been made in the management of infections after transplant; however, transplant recipients are still at high risk of infectious complications. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns in kidney transplant recipients.
This cross-sectional study included 356 patients who received kidney transplants, regardless of the underlying disease, from 2013 to 2015 at the Montaserieh Transplant Hospital (Mashhad, Iran). Clinical samples collected from patients were sent to the microbiology laboratory for culture processing. Typing of bacteria was conducted, and susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline by use the of disk diffusion agar method. Data were then analyzed by SPSS software (SPSS: An IBM Company, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) using chi-square test.
Among 356 kidney recipients (206 men and 150 women), 115 (32.3%) received transplants from living donors and 241 (67.7%) received transplants from deceased donors. Of 356 total patients, 112 patients (31.5%) had an infection at various times after transplant. The most common gram-negative and gram-positive isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, with prevalence rates of 66.1% and 48.6%. Most of the isolates were resistant against selected antibiotics.
Because of the high prevalence of infection among transplant patients, infection prevention should receive more attention, and antibiotic susceptibility should be determined before treatment.
在过去20年里，移植后感染的管理取得了重大进展；然而，移植受者仍面临较高的感染并发症风险。本研究旨在评估肾移植受者细菌感染的患病率及抗菌药物耐药模式。
这项横断面研究纳入了2013年至2015年在伊朗马什哈德蒙塔塞里耶移植医院接受肾移植的356例患者，无论其潜在疾病如何。从患者采集的临床样本被送至微生物实验室进行培养处理。进行细菌分型，并根据临床和实验室标准协会指南采用纸片扩散琼脂法进行药敏试验。然后使用SPSS软件（SPSS：IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克市IBM公司）通过卡方检验对数据进行分析。
在356例肾移植受者（206例男性和150例女性）中，115例（32.3%）接受了活体供者的移植，241例（67.7%）接受了 deceased 供者的移植。在356例患者中，112例（31.5%）在移植后的不同时间发生了感染。最常见的革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌分别是大肠杆菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌，患病率分别为66.1%和48.6%。大多数分离株对所选抗生素耐药。
由于移植患者感染的患病率较高，应更加重视感染预防，并且在治疗前应确定抗生素敏感性。
