Programs of Food Technology, Yesilyurt Demir-Celik Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey; Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2018 Mar;41:466-474. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.10.011. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Hazelnut meal protein (4% (w/v)) and clove essential oil (CEO) (3% (v/v)) were homogenized with ultrasound (US) at different times (2, 4 and 6 min) and amplitudes (50, 75 and 100%) to obtain nano-emulsion films. Film forming nano-emulsions (FFNs) were analyzed for average particle size (D) and zeta potential, and edible film characterization were evaluated depending on US treatment, as well as antibacterial and antioxidant activities. D values and zeta potential of FFNs decreased with increasing acoustic energy delivered to nano-emulsion system. Thickness and water solubility of films significantly decreased with increasing US treatment. Films became more transparent depending on US treatment probably due to particle size reduction. Tensile strength (TS) of films significantly increased with US treatment, while elongation at break (EAB) slightly increased. Microstructure of films became more homogeneous after US treatment and caused to lower water vapor permeability. Enrichment with CEO has given the films antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and antioxidant activity, and US application has improved these activities. US technology can be used to improve mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of hazelnut meal protein based edible films enriched with CEO.
榛子粉蛋白（4%（w/v））和丁香精油（CEO）（3%（v/v））用超声（US）在不同时间（2、4 和 6 分钟）和振幅（50、75 和 100%）下进行均质化，以获得纳米乳液膜。对成膜纳米乳液（FFN）进行平均粒径（D）和zeta 电位分析，并根据 US 处理评估可食用膜的特性，以及抗菌和抗氧化活性。FFN 的 D 值和 zeta 电位随向纳米乳液体系传递的声能增加而降低。随着 US 处理的增加，薄膜的厚度和水溶性显著降低。薄膜的透明度取决于 US 处理，可能是由于粒径减小。随着 US 处理，薄膜的拉伸强度（TS）显著增加，而断裂伸长率（EAB）略有增加。US 处理后薄膜的微观结构变得更加均匀，导致水蒸气透过率降低。用 CEO 富集赋予了薄膜对单核细胞增生李斯特菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性和抗氧化活性，并且 US 应用提高了这些活性。US 技术可用于改善富含 CEO 的榛子粉蛋白基可食用膜的机械、阻隔和抗菌性能。
