Faculty of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Surgery, Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:1096385. doi: 10.1155/2017/1096385. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Angiopoietin-like 2 (ANGPTL2) is a proinflammatory protein belonging to the angiopoietin-like family. ANGPTL2 is secreted and detected in the systemic circulation. Different observational clinical studies reported that circulating levels of ANGPTL2 increase significantly in various chronic inflammatory diseases and showed associations between ANGPTL2 levels and diagnosis and/or prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and various types of cancers. However, these studies did not address the following questions: (a) what are the sources of circulating ANGPTL2? (b) How and by which mechanisms an increase in circulating ANGPTL2 contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases? (c) Does an increase in circulating levels of ANGPTL2 measured in a well-defined chronic medical condition originate from a specific cell type? Mechanistic hypotheses have been proposed based on studies performed in mice and cultured cells, and proinflammatory, prooxidative, proangiogenic, proliferative, and antiapoptotic properties of ANGPTL2 have been reported. The aim of this review is to propose answers concerning the potential sources of circulating ANGPTL2 and its common pathological properties associated with various chronic inflammatory diseases and death in humans. We believe that high circulating ANGPTL2 levels are more than an inflammatory marker and may reflect the senescent cellular load of an individual.
血管生成素样蛋白 2（ANGPTL2）是一种属于血管生成素样家族的促炎蛋白。ANGPTL2 被分泌并在全身循环中检测到。不同的观察性临床研究报告称，在各种慢性炎症性疾病中，循环 ANGPTL2 水平显著增加，并显示 ANGPTL2 水平与心血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性肾脏病和各种类型癌症的诊断和/或预后之间存在关联。然而，这些研究并未解决以下问题：(a) 循环 ANGPTL2 的来源是什么？(b) 循环 ANGPTL2 的增加如何以及通过哪些机制导致慢性炎症性疾病的发病机制？(c) 在明确的慢性医疗条件下测量的循环 ANGPTL2 水平的增加是否源自特定的细胞类型？基于在小鼠和培养细胞中进行的研究提出了机制假设，并报道了 ANGPTL2 的促炎、促氧化、促血管生成、增殖和抗凋亡特性。本综述的目的是提出有关循环 ANGPTL2 的潜在来源及其与人类各种慢性炎症性疾病和死亡相关的常见病理特性的答案。我们认为，高循环 ANGPTL2 水平不仅仅是炎症标志物，可能反映了个体衰老细胞的负担。
