Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2017 Nov/Dec;32(6):1324-1332. doi: 10.11607/jomi.5854.
To analyze and compare the frequency, type, and location of maxillary sinus septa in patients with a dentate and an edentulous posterior maxilla using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.
The study consisted of 100 maxillary sinuses: 50 from patients with a dentate and 50 from patients with an edentulous posterior maxilla. The aim was to assess the frequency, morphology, and location of maxillary sinus septa in axial, sagittal, and coronal CBCT images. Images were only included in this study provided that patients were older than 30 years of age, at least one maxillary sinus was completely visible in the field of view (FOV), and the sinus membrane exhibited a mucosal thickening of a maximum 4 mm. Differences regarding age, sex, side, septa location, and type of dentition (dentate/edentulous posterior maxilla) were analyzed.
The mean age of the 100 patients (66 women, 34 men) was 58.3 years. A total of 60 sinus septa were found in exactly half of the evaluated sinuses. The major part of the septa was found on the floor of the maxillary sinus (n = 34/56.7%). Of these, the majority was located in the posterior maxilla in the region of the second molars (n = 27/79.4%). The most common orientation of the septa was coronal (63.3%), followed by septa in relation to the infraorbital canal (23.3%). Regarding the status of the dentition in the posterior maxilla in relation to the distribution of sinus septa, septa were present in 26 (52%) dentate and in 24 (48%) edentulous regions. Thus, for a potential influence of the status of the dentition in the posterior maxilla on the frequency of sinus septa, no significant impact was found (P = .69).
Sinus septa are frequent anatomical structures, and are found equally often in patients with a dentate and an edentulous posterior maxilla. This is of clinical relevance, as patients with missing teeth in the posterior area of the maxilla are often in need of a sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedure when dental implant placement is intended. As sinus septa are reported to be an important reason for surgical complications during SFE, a three-dimensional radiographic examination using CBCT prior to surgery might be helpful for diagnostic evaluation and treatment planning.
利用锥形束 CT（CBCT）成像分析比较有牙和无牙后牙上颌窦内隔的频率、类型和位置。
该研究共纳入 100 个上颌窦：50 个来自有牙患者，50 个来自无牙后牙上颌窦患者。目的是评估轴向、矢状和冠状 CBCT 图像中上颌窦隔的频率、形态和位置。仅将满足以下条件的图像纳入本研究：患者年龄大于 30 岁，至少一个上颌窦完全在视野（FOV）内，窦膜黏膜增厚最大 4mm。分析了年龄、性别、侧别、隔位置和牙列类型（有牙/无牙后牙上颌窦）的差异。
100 例患者（66 例女性，34 例男性）的平均年龄为 58.3 岁。总共在 50%的评估窦中发现了 60 个窦隔。隔的主要部分位于上颌窦的底部（n=34/56.7%）。其中，大多数位于第二磨牙区域的后上颌窦（n=27/79.4%）。隔最常见的方向为冠状位（63.3%），其次为与眶下管相关的隔（23.3%）。关于上颌窦后牙列状态与窦隔分布的关系，26 个（52%）有牙区和 24 个（48%）无牙区存在窦隔。因此，上颌窦后牙列状态对窦隔频率无显著影响（P=0.69）。
窦隔是常见的解剖结构，在有牙和无牙后牙上颌窦中同样常见。这具有临床意义，因为当计划植入牙种植体时，上颌窦后区缺失牙齿的患者通常需要进行上颌窦底提升（SFE）手术。由于窦隔被报道是 SFE 手术中发生手术并发症的一个重要原因，因此在手术前使用锥形束 CT 进行三维放射学检查可能有助于诊断评估和治疗计划。
