Wu Jianping, Zhang Weixin, Shao Yuanhu, Fu Shenglei
Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang China.
Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions College of Environment and Planning Henan University Kaifeng China.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Sep 18;7(21):8709-8718. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3399. eCollection 2017 Nov.
Earthworms and plants greatly affect belowground properties; however, their combined effects are more attractive based on the ecosystem scale in the field condition. To address this point, we manipulated earthworms (exotic endogeic species ) and plants (living plants [native tree species ] and artificial plants) to investigate their combined effects on soil microorganisms, soil nutrients, and soil respiration in a subtropical forest. The manipulation of artificial plants aimed to simulate the physical effects of plants (e.g., shading and interception of water) such that the biological effects of plants could be evaluated separately. We found that relative to the controls, living plants but not artificial plants significantly increased the ratio of fungal to bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and fungal PLFAs. Furthermore, earthworms plus living plants significantly increased the soil respiration and decreased the soil NH -N, which indicates that the earthworm effects on the associated carbon, and nitrogen processes were greatly affected by living plants. The permutational multivariate analysis of variance results also indicated that living plants but not earthworms or artificial plants significantly changed the soil microbial community. Our results suggest that the effects of plants on soil microbes and associated soil properties in this study were largely explained by their biological rather than their physical effects.
蚯蚓和植物对地下属性有很大影响；然而，基于田间条件下的生态系统尺度，它们的综合影响更具吸引力。为了解决这一问题，我们对蚯蚓（外来内生种）和植物（活植物[本地树种]和人工植物）进行了调控，以研究它们对亚热带森林土壤微生物、土壤养分和土壤呼吸的综合影响。对人工植物的调控旨在模拟植物的物理效应（如遮荫和截留水分），以便能够单独评估植物的生物效应。我们发现，相对于对照，活植物而非人工植物显著提高了真菌与细菌磷脂脂肪酸（PLFAs）的比率以及真菌PLFAs。此外，蚯蚓加活植物显著提高了土壤呼吸并降低了土壤铵态氮，这表明蚯蚓对相关碳和氮过程的影响受到活植物的极大影响。置换多元方差分析结果还表明，活植物而非蚯蚓或人工植物显著改变了土壤微生物群落。我们的结果表明，在本研究中，植物对土壤微生物和相关土壤属性的影响很大程度上是由其生物效应而非物理效应所解释的。
