Ruhl Douglas S, Kesser Bradley W
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800713, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800713, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Feb;26(1):87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2017.09.005.
Patients with microtia and congenital aural atresia should have a comprehensive hearing assessment early in life. Options for hearing habilitation should be presented, and children with bilateral aural atresia should be fitted with a bone conducting hearing device to support normal speech and language development. If atresia surgery is pursued, the microtia surgeon must be aware of certain principles. This article presents recommendations on options for potentially improving hearing in children with congenital aural atresia: assessing surgical candidacy; chronology and timing of surgeries; functional importance of certain ear structures; and understanding the possible locations of an aberrant facial nerve to avoid injury in these patients.
患有小耳畸形和先天性耳道闭锁的患者应在生命早期进行全面的听力评估。应提供听力康复的选择，双侧耳道闭锁的儿童应佩戴骨传导听力装置，以支持正常的言语和语言发育。如果要进行耳道再造手术，小耳畸形外科医生必须了解某些原则。本文就可能改善先天性耳道闭锁患儿听力的选择提出建议：评估手术适应症；手术的时间顺序和时机；某些耳部结构的功能重要性；以及了解异常面神经的可能位置，以避免在这些患者中造成损伤。
