Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Feb;88:24-37. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.005. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
Although numerous studies have examined the neuroendocrinology of aggression, the findings are mixed and focused on cortisol and testosterone. We argue that past findings remain inconclusive partly because the key roles of oxytocin and trauma have not been systematically integrated yet. Oxytocin is associated with social behavior and interacts with cortisol and testosterone, whereas trauma is a crucial risk factor of aggression that strongly affects hormonal activity. In this review, we investigate the role of trauma in the hormonal interplay of cortisol, testosterone, and oxytocin in aggression during adolescence. We first discuss how these hormones interact with each other and how trauma influences these interactions and then we propose a model that highlights the role of trauma in the hormonal interplay in aggression. We suggest that the timing of trauma has a distinct effect on hormonal activity and it should be integrated into any comprehensive model. Current trauma is linked to different levels of oxytocin, cortisol, testosterone, and testosterone/cortisol ratio than childhood trauma, but this distinction is also influenced by gender and type of aggression. We conclude that in order to better understand the neuroendocrinology of aggression, it is crucial to incorporate the investigation of oxytocin and trauma in future research.
尽管有许多研究探讨了攻击行为的神经内分泌学，但研究结果存在差异，且主要集中在皮质醇和睾酮上。我们认为，过去的研究结果仍不确定，部分原因是催产素和创伤的关键作用尚未得到系统整合。催产素与社会行为有关，与皮质醇和睾酮相互作用，而创伤是攻击行为的一个关键风险因素，强烈影响激素活动。在这篇综述中，我们研究了创伤在青春期攻击行为中皮质醇、睾酮和催产素的激素相互作用中的作用。我们首先讨论了这些激素如何相互作用，以及创伤如何影响这些相互作用，然后我们提出了一个模型，强调了创伤在攻击行为中激素相互作用中的作用。我们认为，创伤的时间对激素活动有明显的影响，应该将其纳入任何综合模型中。当前的创伤与儿童期创伤相比，与不同水平的催产素、皮质醇、睾酮和睾酮/皮质醇比值有关，但这种区别也受到性别和攻击类型的影响。我们得出结论，为了更好地理解攻击行为的神经内分泌学，在未来的研究中纳入对催产素和创伤的研究至关重要。
