Glynn Ruth, Salmon Karen, Low Jason
School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2018 Mar;167:117-127. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.10.009. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
This experiment investigated whether retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) would be found in children's self-generated autobiographical memory recall. An adapted version of the RIF paradigm for adults' autobiographical memories was administered to 8- and 9-year-old children (N = 65). We hypothesized that RIF would be found in terms of both number of memories recalled and amount of memory detail reported. The relationship between memory detail at the retrieval practice phase and RIF magnitude was also investigated. Consistent with hypotheses, RIF was found for both the number of memories recalled and the amount of memory detail reported. In addition, memory detail at retrieval practice was associated with increased RIF magnitude. Findings extend the current literature in three ways. First, they indicate that selective discussion of autobiographical events with children can cause forgetting of similar non-discussed events. Second, even when these non-discussed events are recalled, they contain sparser memory detail. Finally, when events are selectively discussed in greater detail, forgetting of similar non-discussed events occurs to a greater extent.
本实验探究了在儿童自主生成的自传体记忆回忆中是否会出现提取诱发遗忘（RIF）。针对成人自传体记忆的RIF范式的一个改编版本被应用于8岁和9岁的儿童（N = 65）。我们假设，在回忆出的记忆数量和报告的记忆细节数量方面都会发现RIF。同时还研究了提取练习阶段的记忆细节与RIF程度之间的关系。与假设一致，在回忆出的记忆数量和报告的记忆细节数量方面均发现了RIF。此外，提取练习时的记忆细节与更大程度的RIF相关。研究结果在三个方面扩展了当前的文献。第一，它们表明与儿童选择性地讨论自传体事件会导致对类似的未讨论事件的遗忘。第二，即使这些未讨论的事件被回忆起来，它们包含的记忆细节也更少。最后，当对事件进行更详细的选择性讨论时，对类似的未讨论事件的遗忘程度会更大。
