Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicent del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicent del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Apr 1;619-620:772-783. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.156. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
The erosion of the world's coasts and the shortage of sand to mitigate beach erosion are leading to the increasingly common use of gravel for coastal protection and beach nourishment. Therefore, in order to determine the amount of gravel required for such actions, it is important to know perfectly the equilibrium profile of gravel beaches. However, at present, this profile is obtained from formulas obtained mainly after channel tests, and therefore most of them do not adapt to the real profiles formed by gravel beaches in nature. In this article, 31 variables related to sedimentology, waves, morphology and marine vegetation present on the beaches are studied to determine which are the most influential in the profile. From the study carried out, it is obtained that these variables are the steepness and probability of occurrence of the wave perpendicular to the coast, the profile starting slope (between MWL and -2m), the energy reduction coefficient due to Posidonia oceanica as well as the width of the meadow. Using these variables, different numerical models were generated to predict accurately the gravel beach profile, which will lead to a saving in the volume of material used in the order of 1300m/ml of beach with respect to current formulations, and a greater certainty that the beach nourishment carried out will have the desired effect.
世界海岸的侵蚀以及用于缓解海滩侵蚀的沙子短缺，导致越来越多地普遍使用砾石来进行海岸防护和海滩养护。因此，为了确定此类行动所需的砾石量，了解砾石海滩的平衡剖面非常重要。然而，目前，该剖面是通过主要在渠道测试后获得的公式获得的，因此它们大多数都不适应自然界中由砾石海滩形成的真实剖面。在本文中，研究了与沉积物学、波浪、形态和海滩上的海洋植被有关的 31 个变量，以确定哪些变量对剖面的影响最大。从进行的研究中得出，这些变量是垂直于海岸的波浪的陡度和出现概率、从 MWL 开始的剖面斜率（在-2m 之间）、由于波西多尼亚海草造成的能量减少系数以及草地的宽度。使用这些变量，可以生成不同的数值模型来准确预测砾石海滩的剖面，这将导致与当前配方相比，每米海滩使用的材料体积减少 1300m/ml，并且更有把握确保进行的海滩养护将达到预期的效果。
