University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Dev Psychopathol. 2017 Dec;29(5):1947-1967. doi: 10.1017/S0954579417001511.
The current investigation utilized a developmental psychopathology approach to test the hypothesis that multigenic (i.e., dopaminergic and serotonergic genes) and multienvironmental factors interactively contribute to developmental pathways of antisocial behavior (ASB). A sample of 8,834 Caucasian individuals from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were used to (a) examine the developmental pathways of ASB from age 13 to 32 using growth mixture modeling, (b) compute weighted multigenic risk scores (Add Health MRS) for ASB from six well-characterized polymorphisms in dopamine and serotonin genes, and (c) test the interaction between the Add Health MRS and a measures of support (incorporating indicators of both positive and negative support from parents and schools). Four pathways of adolescent to adult ASB emerged from the growth mixture models: low, adolescence-peaked, high decline, and persistent. Add Health MRS predicted the persistent ASB pathway, but not other ASB pathways. Males with high Add Health MRS, but not low MRS, had significantly greater odds of being in the adolescence-peaked pathway relative to the low pathway at low levels of school connectedness. Nonfamilial environmental influences during adolescence may have a cumulative impact on the development of ASB, particularly among males with greater underlying genetic risks.
当前的研究采用发展心理病理学的方法来检验多基因（即多巴胺和血清素基因）和多环境因素相互作用对反社会行为（ASB）发展途径的假设。使用来自青少年到成人健康纵向研究（Add Health）的 8834 名白种人样本，（a）使用增长混合建模从 13 岁到 32 岁来研究 ASB 的发展途径，（b）从六个已充分描述的多巴胺和血清素基因多态性计算 ASB 的加权多基因风险评分（Add Health MRS），以及（c）测试 Add Health MRS 与支持措施之间的相互作用（包括来自父母和学校的积极和消极支持的指标）。从增长混合模型中出现了四种青少年到成年 ASB 的途径：低、青春期高峰、高下降和持续。Add Health MRS 预测了持续的 ASB 途径，但不能预测其他 ASB 途径。与低水平的学校联系相比，具有高 Add Health MRS 的男性（而非低 MRS 男性）在青春期高峰途径中相对于低途径的可能性显著更高。青春期的非家庭环境影响可能对 ASB 的发展产生累积影响，尤其是在具有更大潜在遗传风险的男性中。
