Carlson Alyssa Dee P, Tschann Mary, Santibenchakul Somsook, Hurwitz Eric L, Salcedo Jennifer
Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (ADCP, SS, EH).
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2017 Nov;76(11):299-304.
Rates of chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (GC) have risen for the first time in the United States since 2006. Certain population groups are disproportionately affected by these sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well as HIV. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and professional societies have published screening guidelines for these STIs for women under the age of 25. We aimed to quantify physician adherence to GC/CT and HIV screening guidelines and to determine demographic factors associated with GC/CT and HIV screening recommendations among women 14-25 years old in Honolulu, Hawai'i. We conducted a retrospective chart review of all visits to an OB/GYN teaching clinic in 2014 to determine rates of STI screening recommendations and evaluate differences in screening recommendations by demographic factors such as patient age, race, insurance type, visit type, and visit number during the study period. Electronic medical records of 726 visits by 446 patients were reviewed. Among visits by patients with indications for screening, 71.0% and 21.6% received screening recommendations for GC/CT and HIV, respectively. Age group, race, and visit type were significantly associated with receiving screening recommendations. A lack of appropriate documentation regarding the assessment of risk factors for GC/CT and HIV screening was observed. Emphasis should be placed on more thorough ascertainment and documentation of patients' risk factors for STI acquisition to determine screening needs at each clinical visit based on professional guidelines, as substantial public health benefits may be gained through the identification and prompt treatment of GC/CT and HIV infections.
自2006年以来,美国衣原体(CT)和淋病(GC)的发病率首次上升。某些人群受这些性传播感染(STIs)以及艾滋病毒的影响尤为严重。美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)和专业学会已发布了针对25岁以下女性这些性传播感染的筛查指南。我们旨在量化医生对GC/CT和艾滋病毒筛查指南的遵守情况,并确定夏威夷檀香山14至25岁女性中与GC/CT和艾滋病毒筛查建议相关的人口统计学因素。我们对2014年一家妇产科教学诊所的所有就诊进行了回顾性病历审查,以确定性传播感染筛查建议的比例,并评估患者年龄、种族、保险类型、就诊类型和研究期间就诊次数等人口统计学因素在筛查建议方面的差异。对446名患者的726次就诊的电子病历进行了审查。在有筛查指征的患者就诊中,分别有71.0%和21.6%接受了GC/CT和艾滋病毒的筛查建议。年龄组、种族和就诊类型与接受筛查建议显著相关。观察到在GC/CT和艾滋病毒筛查风险因素评估方面缺乏适当的记录。应更加重视全面确定和记录患者获得性传播感染的风险因素,以便根据专业指南在每次临床就诊时确定筛查需求,因为通过识别和及时治疗GC/CT和艾滋病毒感染可能会带来巨大的公共卫生益处。