Maffetone Philip B, Laursen Paul B
Independent Researcher, Oracle, AZ, United States.
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Front Public Health. 2017 Nov 1;5:290. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00290. eCollection 2017.
The overfat condition is defined as excess body fat sufficient to impair health. The problem exists in most overweight and obese individuals and can also occur in those who are normal-weight and non-obese, often due to excess abdominal fat. Despite previous indications that the prevalence overweight and obesity is leveling, these conditions are currently at their highest levels in US history. Our review estimated the number of overfat Americans at 91% for adults and 69% for children. The primary purpose of this review was to build upon previous estimations of overfat prevalence in developed countries by using new data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate the overfat prevalence in American adults (≥20 years) and children (2-19 years), and to expand the definition of overfat as excess body fat associated with at least one additional risk factor of impaired cardiometabolic or physical health. The secondary goals are to highlight the role of dietary sugar as a primary cause of the overfat pandemic and mention new data showing the increased prevalence of exercise that parallels the rising prevalence of overfat to further emphasize the secondary role exercise may play in fat loss. Current public health guidelines to address the overfat pandemic may require more emphasis on reducing the consumption of refined carbohydrates, including added sugars.
超重肥胖状况被定义为足以损害健康的过量身体脂肪。这个问题存在于大多数超重和肥胖个体中，也可能出现在体重正常且不肥胖的人群中，通常是由于腹部脂肪过多。尽管此前有迹象表明超重和肥胖的患病率趋于平稳，但目前这些状况处于美国历史上的最高水平。我们的综述估计，美国成年人中超重肥胖者的比例为91%，儿童为69%。本综述的主要目的是在之前对发达国家超重肥胖患病率估计的基础上，利用疾病控制与预防中心的新数据来估计美国成年人（≥20岁）和儿童（2 - 19岁）的超重肥胖患病率，并将超重肥胖的定义扩展为与至少一种额外的心脏代谢或身体健康受损风险因素相关的过量身体脂肪。次要目标是强调膳食糖作为超重肥胖流行主要原因的作用，并提及新数据显示运动患病率的增加与超重肥胖患病率的上升同步，以进一步强调运动在减肥中可能起到的次要作用。当前应对超重肥胖流行的公共卫生指南可能需要更加强调减少精制碳水化合物的摄入，包括添加糖。
