a Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) , Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC , Barcelona , Spain.
b Gynecology Department , Vall Hebron University Hospital , Barcelona , Spain.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2018 Jan;15(1):81-99. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1410061. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer in women in developed countries. The identification of sensitive and specific biomarkers to improve early detection of EC is crucial for an appropriate management of this disease, in which 30% of patients are diagnosed only at advanced stages, which is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Despite major efforts and investments made to identify EC biomarkers, no protein has yet reached the stage of clinical application. Areas covered: This review gathers the numerous candidate biomarkers for EC diagnosis proposed in proteomic studies published from 1978 to 2017. Additionally, we summarize limitations associated with the proteomic technologies and study designs employed in those articles. Finally, we address new perspectives in EC biomarker research, including the comprehensive knowledge of previously suggested candidate biomarkers in conjunction with novel mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies with enhanced sensitivity and specificity not yet applied to EC studies and a directed clinical perspective in the study design. Expert commentary: These ingredients could be the recipe to accelerate the application of protein biomarkers in the clinic.
子宫内膜癌（EC）是发达国家女性中第四常见的癌症。鉴定敏感和特异的生物标志物来提高 EC 的早期检测，对于这种疾病的恰当管理至关重要，因为其中 30%的患者仅在晚期才被诊断出，这与高发病率和死亡率相关。尽管已经做出了巨大的努力和投资来鉴定 EC 的生物标志物，但还没有一种蛋白质达到临床应用的阶段。
本综述汇集了自 1978 年至 2017 年发表的蛋白质组学研究中提出的用于 EC 诊断的众多候选生物标志物。此外，我们总结了与这些文章中使用的蛋白质组学技术和研究设计相关的局限性。最后，我们探讨了 EC 生物标志物研究的新视角，包括结合尚未应用于 EC 研究的新型基于质谱的具有更高灵敏度和特异性的蛋白质组学技术，全面了解以前提出的候选生物标志物，并在研究设计中采用有针对性的临床视角。
这些要素可能是加速蛋白质生物标志物在临床上应用的秘诀。
