Kristofersson Gisli, Arnarsson Arsaell, Heimisson Gudmundur, Sigurdardottir Dagbjorg
School of Health Sciences, Akureyri.
University of Iceland, Reykjavík.
Laeknabladid. 2017 Dec;103(12):537-541. doi: 10.17992/lbl.2017.12.164.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that usually surfaces before seven years of age. Stimulants are commonly used medications for the treatment of this disorder in Iceland, but they carry with them a significant risk of both abuse and diversion - i.e. when it is used by an individual other than it was prescribed for by a physician. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diversion amongst Icelandic adolescents.
This study is based on data collected in the Icelandic portion of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) focused on the drug and alcohol use of 10th graders in Europe.
Of the 2,306 students that participated in the study 91% (2,098) claimed they had never been prescribed stimulant medications while 9% (208) claimed they had. Boys were twice as likely to get a stimulant prescription compared to girls. Almost 18% of the participants that had been prescribed simulants said they had at some point in time diverted their stimulant medication.
The diversion of stimulants by 10th graders in Iceland is quite common compared to studies from other countries where the prevalence is closer to 5-10%. These findings demonstrate the importance of carefully overseeing stimulant use of adolescents, for the benefit of both those who divert as well as those diverted to.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，通常在七岁前出现。在冰岛，兴奋剂是治疗该疾病常用的药物，但它们存在滥用和药物转移的重大风险——即被医生指定使用者以外的人使用。本研究的目的是估计冰岛青少年中药物转移的发生率。
本研究基于欧洲学校酒精和其他药物调查项目（ESPAD）冰岛部分收集的数据，该项目聚焦于欧洲十年级学生的药物和酒精使用情况。
参与研究的2306名学生中，91%（2098名）称他们从未被开过兴奋剂药物，而9%（208名）称他们被开过。与女孩相比，男孩获得兴奋剂处方的可能性是女孩的两倍。在被开过兴奋剂的参与者中，近18%表示他们曾在某个时间点转移过自己的兴奋剂药物。
与其他国家患病率接近5%-10%的研究相比，冰岛十年级学生转移兴奋剂的情况相当普遍。这些发现表明，为了那些转移药物者和被转移药物者的利益，仔细监督青少年使用兴奋剂非常重要。
