Palatsi Riitta, Kelhälä Hanna-Leena
Duodecim. 2016;132(19):1790-6.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are evolutionary ancient molecules produced by nearly all living organisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. More than 2000 AMPs have now been identified. These peptides are produced by most human cell types, such as those in the skin and mucous membranes and blood. Each tissue has a different spectrum of AMPs. Antimicrobial capacity depends on the structural characteristics such as charge and amphiphilicity that allow the insertion and/or penetration of AMP into the membranes of microorganisms or other cells. AMPs may have importance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes. The most investigated AMPs are defensins and cathelicidin LL-37.
抗菌肽（AMP）是几乎所有生物（包括原核细胞和真核细胞）进化过程中产生的古老分子。目前已鉴定出2000多种抗菌肽。这些肽由大多数人类细胞类型产生，如皮肤、黏膜和血液中的细胞。每个组织都有不同的抗菌肽谱。抗菌能力取决于电荷和两亲性等结构特征，这些特征使抗菌肽能够插入和/或穿透微生物或其他细胞的膜。抗菌肽可能在神经退行性疾病和2型糖尿病的发病机制中具有重要作用。研究最多的抗菌肽是防御素和cathelicidin LL-37。
