Quinn Terry
Emeritus Director Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, 92 rue Brancas, 92310 Sèvres, France.
Stud Hist Philos Sci. 2017 Oct-Dec;65-66:8-20. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
At the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) in November 2018, it is planned to adopt a new definition of the International System of Units, SI, based on the fixed numerical values of seven defining constants, broadly the fundamental constants of physics. This will be the culmination of more than two hundred years of metrology, instantiating for the first time the original ideas of the creators of the metric system. The key is the replacement of the present definition of the unit of mass, the kilogram artefact of platinum-iridium, by one based on a fixed numerical value of the Planck constant. This article outlines how this has come about, how it will work, why we need a system of measurement that is uniform, accessible world-wide and stable in the long term, and the international structures that now exist to achieve it.
2018年11月举行的第26届国际计量大会（CGPM）计划采用国际单位制（SI）的新定义，该定义基于七个定义常数的固定数值，这些常数大致为物理学的基本常数。这将是两百多年计量学发展的 culmination，首次体现了公制系统创造者的原始理念。关键在于用基于普朗克常数固定数值的定义取代目前质量单位千克的定义，即铂铱千克原器。本文概述了这一情况是如何发生的、将如何运作、为何我们需要一个统一、全球通用且长期稳定的测量系统，以及目前为实现这一目标而存在的国际架构。 （注：原文中“culmination”未翻译，可补充“高潮、顶点之类合适的词”）
