Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Matrix Biol. 2018 Aug;68-69:106-121. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.010. Epub 2017 Nov 28.
Tissue damage and inflammation are important triggers for regeneration and fibrosis. Tissue damage not only induces inflammation in general, it also determines the type and polarization of inflammation by recruiting and activating a variety of different cells types of the innate and adaptive immune system. This review focuses on the pathways leading from tissue damage to inflammation, from inflammation to fibrosis and from fibrosis to function. It covers the pro- and antifibrotic properties of immunological mediators released from T cells, monocytes/macrophages, innate lymphoid cells, basophils and eosinophils and takes into account that extracellular matrix proteins are not only produced by mesenchymal fibroblasts but also by other cell types, especially infiltrating hematopoietic cells. The special requirements for activation and recruitment of these so called fibrocytes are described in detail.
组织损伤和炎症是再生和纤维化的重要触发因素。组织损伤不仅普遍引发炎症，还通过招募和激活先天和适应性免疫系统的各种不同细胞类型来决定炎症的类型和极化。本综述重点关注从组织损伤到炎症、从炎症到纤维化以及从纤维化到功能的途径。它涵盖了 T 细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞、固有淋巴细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞释放的免疫介质的促纤维化和抗纤维化特性，并考虑到细胞外基质蛋白不仅由间充质成纤维细胞产生，而且还由其他细胞类型产生，特别是浸润的造血细胞。详细描述了这些所谓的纤维细胞的激活和募集的特殊要求。
