Dahlawi Saad, Naeem Asif, Iqbal Muhammad, Farooq Muhammad Ansar, Bibi Sadia, Rengel Zed
Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrehman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrehman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Chemosphere. 2018 Mar;194:171-188. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.149. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Growing rice on arsenic (As)-contaminated soil or irrigating with As-contaminated water leads to significant accumulation of As in grains. Moreover, rice accumulates more As into grains than other cereal crops. Thus, rice consumption has been identified as a major route of human exposure to As in many countries. Inorganic As species are carcinogenic and could pose a considerable health risk to humans even at low dietary concentration. Genotypic variation and concentration of nutrients such as iron, manganese, phosphate, sulfur and silicon are the two main factors that affect As accumulation in rice grains. Therefore, in addition to better growth and yield of plants, application of specific nutrients in optimum quantities offers an added benefit of decreasing As content in rice grains. These nutrient elements influence speciation of As in rhizosphere, compete with As for root uptake and interfere with As translocations to the shoot and ultimately accumulation in grains. This papers critically appraises the methods, forms and rate of application, mechanisms and extent of efficiency of different mineral nutrients in decreasing As accumulation in rice grains.
在受砷污染的土壤中种植水稻或用受砷污染的水灌溉会导致谷物中砷的大量积累。此外，水稻比其他谷类作物在谷粒中积累更多的砷。因此，在许多国家，食用大米已被确定为人类接触砷的主要途径。无机砷具有致癌性，即使在低膳食浓度下也可能对人类健康构成相当大的风险。基因型变异以及铁、锰、磷、硫和硅等养分的浓度是影响水稻籽粒中砷积累的两个主要因素。因此，除了使植物生长更好、产量更高外，适量施用特定养分还有助于降低水稻籽粒中的砷含量。这些营养元素影响根际中砷的形态，与砷竞争根系吸收，并干扰砷向地上部的转运以及最终在籽粒中的积累。本文批判性地评估了不同矿质养分在降低水稻籽粒中砷积累方面的方法、形态和施用量、机制及效率程度。
