Caes Line, Orchard Alex, Christie Deborah
Division of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, Child and Adolescent Psychological Services, London NW1 2PQ, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2017 Dec 5;5(4):93. doi: 10.3390/healthcare5040093.
Paediatric chronic conditions, e.g., chronic pain and functional gastrointestinal disorders, are commonly diagnosed, with fatigue, pain and abdominal discomfort the most frequently reported symptoms across conditions. Regardless of whether symptoms are connected to an underlying medical diagnosis or not, they are often associated with an increased experience of psychological distress by both the ill child and their parents. While pain and embarrassing symptoms can induce increased distress, evidence is also accumulating in support of a reciprocal relationship between pain and distress. This reciprocal relationship is nicely illustrated in the fear avoidance model of pain, which has recently been found to be applicable to childhood pain experiences. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how mind (i.e., emotions) and body (i.e., physical symptoms) interact using chronic pain and gastrointestinal disorders as key examples. Despite the evidence for the connection between mind and body, the mind-body split is still a dominant position for families and health care systems, as evidenced by the artificial split between physical and mental health care. In a mission to overcome this gap, this article will conclude by providing tools on how the highlighted evidence can help to close this gap between mind and body.
儿科慢性病，如慢性疼痛和功能性胃肠疾病，很常见，疲劳、疼痛和腹部不适是各类疾病中最常报告的症状。无论症状是否与潜在的医学诊断相关，患病儿童及其父母往往都会出现更多的心理困扰。虽然疼痛和令人尴尬的症状会加剧困扰，但越来越多的证据也支持疼痛与困扰之间存在相互关系。疼痛的恐惧回避模型很好地说明了这种相互关系，最近发现该模型适用于儿童的疼痛经历。本文旨在以慢性疼痛和胃肠疾病为关键示例，说明心理（即情绪）和身体（即身体症状）是如何相互作用的。尽管有证据表明身心之间存在联系，但身心分离在家庭和医疗保健系统中仍然占据主导地位，身心健康护理的人为划分就是明证。为了弥合这一差距，本文最后将提供一些方法，说明文中强调的证据如何有助于弥合身心之间的差距。
