H Chon Andrew, Takeda Moe R, Felix Juan C, Chmait Ramen H
a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
b Department of Pathology , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Dec;36(6):437-444. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346017. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
A congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) type III may become large enough to cause hydrops fetalis. In such circumstances, the fetus can be treated with open fetal resection, maternal betamethasone administration, or percutaneous sclerotherapy.
A 24 week gestation fetus with a CPAM type III was treated by percutaneous sclerotherapy using ethanolamine oleate (EO). The EO inadvertently entered the left atrium and ventricle with subsequent fetal bradycardia and demise. Autopsy revealed myocardial necrosis.
Percutaneous sclerotherapy has been previously described in the literature for the treatment of microcystic CPAMs with secondary hydrops. This is the first reported case of an adverse event after fetal sclerotherapy.