Goode Rachel, Ye Lei, Zheng Yaguang, Ma Qianheng, Sereika Susan M, Burke Lora E
School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, 2117 Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh, PA 15260; Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh. School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA. Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh. Center for Research and Evaluation, Department of Health and Community Services, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh. Department of Health and Community Services, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh.
Health Soc Work. 2016 Aug 1;41(3):e60-e67. doi: 10.1093/hsw/hlw032.
The prevalence of obesity is a significant problem among racial and ethnic minorities and those of low socioeconomic status (SES). Psychosocial barriers, such as binge eating and low self-efficacy, are known to hinder the adoption of a more healthful diet. There is limited research identifying racial and SES differences in binge eating and self-efficacy. Further investigations of these constructs may allow researchers to improve the effectiveness of weight management interventions and increase social worker involvement. In this article, the authors examine the socioeconomic and racial differences in binge eating and eating self-efficacy in a sample of individuals seeking weight loss treatment (N = 151). They explore associations between various sociodemographic variables and the Binge Eating Scale and Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL). At baseline, nonwhite participants or those with fewer years of education exhibited more confidence resisting eating when food was available. Moreover, nonwhite participants reported more self-confidence eating under social pressure and had higher total WEL scores than white participants. However, at six months, nonwhite participants' WEL scores decreased. White participants increased their total WEL scores and obtained a higher percent weight change by the end of the intervention. Additional investigations on the dynamics affecting the development of self-efficacy are warranted.
肥胖症的患病率在少数族裔和社会经济地位较低（SES）的人群中是一个重大问题。已知诸如暴饮暴食和自我效能感低等心理社会障碍会阻碍人们采用更健康的饮食方式。关于暴饮暴食和自我效能感方面的种族及社会经济地位差异的研究有限。对这些构念的进一步研究可能会使研究人员提高体重管理干预措施的有效性，并增加社会工作者的参与度。在本文中，作者在一个寻求减肥治疗的样本（N = 151）中研究了暴饮暴食和饮食自我效能感方面的社会经济及种族差异。他们探讨了各种社会人口统计学变量与暴饮暴食量表和体重效能生活方式问卷（WEL）之间的关联。在基线时，非白人参与者或受教育年限较少的参与者在有食物时表现出更强的抵制进食的信心。此外，非白人参与者报告说在社交压力下进食时更有自信，并且其WEL总分高于白人参与者。然而，在六个月时，非白人参与者的WEL分数下降。白人参与者提高了他们的WEL总分，并且在干预结束时体重变化百分比更高。有必要对影响自我效能感发展的动态因素进行更多调查。
