Luo Yangxi, Zhang Qin'e, Hong Wenjing, Xiao Zongyuan, Bai Hua
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2017 Dec 20;20(1):131-136. doi: 10.1039/c7cp07156f.
Active electrolyte enhanced supercapacitors (AEESCs) have received increasing attention because of their large specific capacitance and easy fabrication process. The better matching between the active electrolyte and the counter electrode and the slow self-discharge rate are the challenges of this type of supercapacitor. In this paper, a novel AEESC with polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (PANI/RGOHG) as the anode and Cu(ii) ions as the cathodic active electrolyte is constructed. Experimental results demonstrate that the electrode potentials of PANI and Cu(ii) can match perfectly, thus the device has a wide working voltage range. Because of the large specific capacitance of both PANI and Cu(ii), a high average specific capacitance of a single electrode of 1120 F g at 2.6 A g is achieved. Meanwhile, self-discharge is also suppressed because the reduction product of Cu(ii) is immobilized on the electrode. These results demonstrate that the performance of AEESCs strongly depends on the choice of a suitable electrode material, and also reveal that Cu(ii) is a promising cathodic active electrolyte for AEESCs.
活性电解质增强型超级电容器（AEESC）因其具有较大的比电容和简便的制备工艺而受到越来越多的关注。活性电解质与对电极之间更好的匹配以及缓慢的自放电速率是这类超级电容器面临的挑战。本文构建了一种新型的AEESC，以聚苯胺/还原氧化石墨烯水凝胶（PANI/RGOHG）作为阳极，以Cu(ii)离子作为阴极活性电解质。实验结果表明，PANI和Cu(ii)的电极电位能够完美匹配，因此该器件具有较宽的工作电压范围。由于PANI和Cu(ii)都具有较大的比电容，在2.6 A g时单个电极实现了1120 F g的高平均比电容。同时，由于Cu(ii)的还原产物固定在电极上，自放电也得到了抑制。这些结果表明，AEESC的性能在很大程度上取决于合适电极材料的选择，同时也表明Cu(ii)是一种有前途的AEESC阴极活性电解质。
