Suppr超能文献

使用甲基化敏感限制酶“MSRE-qPCR”进行多重且灵敏的DNA甲基化检测

Multiplexed and Sensitive DNA Methylation Testing Using Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Enzymes "MSRE-qPCR".

作者信息

Beikircher Gabriel, Pulverer Walter, Hofner Manuela, Noehammer Christa, Weinhaeusel Andreas

机构信息

Molecular Diagnostics Unit, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Muthgasse 11, Vienna, 1190, Austria.

出版信息

Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1708:407-424. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7481-8_21.

Abstract

DNA methylation is a chemically stable key-player in epigenetics. In the vertebrate genome the 5-methyl cytosine (5mC) has been found almost exclusively in the CpG dinucleotide context. CpG dinucleotides are enriched in CpG islands very frequently located within or close to gene promoters. Analyses of DNA methylation changes in human diagnostics have been conducted classically using methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes (MSRE). Since the discovery of bisulfite conversion-based sequencing and PCR assays, MSRE-based PCR assays have been less frequently used, although especially in the field of cancer epigenetics MSRE-based genome-wide discovery and targeted screening applications have been and are still performed successfully. Even though epigenome-wide discovery of altered DNA methylation patterns has found its way into various fields of human disease and molecular genetics research, the validation of findings upon discovery is still a bottleneck. Usually several multiples of 10 up to 100 candidate biomarkers from discovery have to be confirmed or are of interest for further work. In particular, bisulfite PCR assays are often limited in the number of candidates which can be analyzed, due to their low multiplexing capability, especially, if only small amounts of DNA are available from for example clinical specimens. In clinical research and diagnostics a similar situation arises for the analyses of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in body fluids or circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Although tissue- or disease- (e.g., cancer) specific DNA methylation patterns can be deduced very efficiently in a genome-wide manner if around 100 ng of DNA are available, confirming these candidates and selecting target-sequences for studying methylation changes in liquid biopsies using cfDNA or CTCs remains a big challenge. Along these lines we have developed MSRE-qPCR and introduce here method details, which have been found very suitable for the efficient confirmation and testing of DNA methylation in a quantitative multiplexed manner (e.g., 48-96 plex) from ng amounts of DNA. The method is applicable in a standard qPCR setting as well for nanoliter scaled high-throughput qPCR, enabling detection of <10 copies of targets, thus suitable to pick up 0.1-1% of specific methylated DNA in an unmethylated background.

摘要

DNA甲基化是表观遗传学中一种化学性质稳定的关键因素。在脊椎动物基因组中,5-甲基胞嘧啶(5mC)几乎只存在于CpG二核苷酸环境中。CpG二核苷酸在经常位于基因启动子内部或附近的CpG岛中富集。在人类诊断中,经典的方法是使用甲基化敏感限制酶(MSRE)来分析DNA甲基化变化。自从基于亚硫酸氢盐转化的测序和PCR检测方法被发现以来,基于MSRE的PCR检测方法的使用频率降低了,尽管特别是在癌症表观遗传学领域,基于MSRE的全基因组发现和靶向筛选应用过去和现在都仍在成功进行。尽管全表观基因组范围内对改变的DNA甲基化模式的发现已应用于人类疾病和分子遗传学研究的各个领域,但发现后的结果验证仍然是一个瓶颈。通常,来自发现阶段的多达10到100倍的候选生物标志物需要被确认或对进一步研究有意义。特别是,亚硫酸氢盐PCR检测方法通常在可分析的候选物数量上受到限制,这是由于其低多重分析能力,尤其是当例如从临床标本中只能获得少量DNA时。在临床研究和诊断中,对体液中的游离DNA(cfDNA)或循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)进行分析时也会出现类似情况。尽管如果有大约100 ng的DNA,就可以非常有效地以全基因组方式推断出组织或疾病(如癌症)特异性的DNA甲基化模式,但使用cfDNA或CTC在液体活检中确认这些候选物并选择用于研究甲基化变化的靶序列仍然是一个巨大挑战。基于此,我们开发了MSRE-qPCR并在此介绍方法细节,该方法已被发现非常适合以定量多重方式(例如48 - 96重)从纳克量的DNA中高效确认和检测DNA甲基化。该方法适用于标准qPCR设置以及纳升规模的高通量qPCR,能够检测到少于10个拷贝的靶标,因此适合在未甲基化背景中检测出0.1 - 1%的特定甲基化DNA。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验