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干扰素调节因子 4 调节黑素瘤细胞中的表观遗传沉默和癌症关键途径。

Interferon regulatory factor 4 modulates epigenetic silencing and cancer-critical pathways in melanoma cells.

机构信息

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.

出版信息

Mol Oncol. 2024 Oct;18(10):2423-2448. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.13672. Epub 2024 Jun 16.


DOI:10.1002/1878-0261.13672
PMID:38880659
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11459048/
Abstract

Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) was initially identified as a key controller in lymphocyte differentiation and function, and subsequently as a dependency factor and therapy target in lymphocyte-derived cancers. In melanocytes, IRF4 takes part in pigmentation. Although genetic studies have implicated IRF4 in melanoma, how IRF4 functions in melanoma cells has remained largely elusive. Here, we confirmed prevalent IRF4 expression in melanoma and showed that high expression is linked to dependency in cells and mortality in patients. Analysis of genes activated by IRF4 uncovered, as a novel target category, epigenetic silencing factors involved in DNA methylation (DNMT1, DNMT3B, UHRF1) and histone H3K27 methylation (EZH2). Consequently, we show that IRF4 controls the expression of tumour suppressor genes known to be silenced by these epigenetic modifications, for instance cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1B, the PI3-AKT pathway regulator PTEN, and primary cilium components. Furthermore, IRF4 modulates activity of key downstream oncogenic pathways, such as WNT/β-catenin and AKT, impacting cell proliferation and survival. Accordingly, IRF4 modifies the effectiveness of pertinent epigenetic drugs on melanoma cells, a finding that encourages further studies towards therapeutic targeting of IRF4 in melanoma.

摘要

干扰素调节因子 4(IRF4)最初被鉴定为淋巴细胞分化和功能的关键控制器,随后成为淋巴细胞来源的癌症的依赖性因子和治疗靶标。在黑素细胞中,IRF4 参与色素沉着。尽管遗传研究表明 IRF4 与黑色素瘤有关,但 IRF4 在黑色素瘤细胞中的作用在很大程度上仍未被揭示。在这里,我们证实了黑色素瘤中普遍存在的 IRF4 表达,并表明高表达与细胞依赖性和患者死亡率有关。对 IRF4 激活的基因进行分析,揭示了一类新的靶向类别,即涉及 DNA 甲基化(DNMT1、DNMT3B、UHRF1)和组蛋白 H3K27 甲基化(EZH2)的表观遗传沉默因子。因此,我们表明 IRF4 控制着这些表观遗传修饰沉默的肿瘤抑制基因的表达,例如细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂 CDKN1A 和 CDKN1B、PI3-AKT 途径调节剂 PTEN 和初级纤毛成分。此外,IRF4 调节关键下游致癌途径的活性,如 WNT/β-catenin 和 AKT,影响细胞增殖和存活。因此,IRF4 改变了相关表观遗传药物对黑色素瘤细胞的有效性,这一发现鼓励进一步研究针对黑色素瘤中 IRF4 的治疗靶向。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/da0d0d305db2/MOL2-18-2423-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/9652294749f3/MOL2-18-2423-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/797a7a8769ea/MOL2-18-2423-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/4510de3cb30e/MOL2-18-2423-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/ac15eea1a4a3/MOL2-18-2423-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/7cbea81f82f1/MOL2-18-2423-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/da0d0d305db2/MOL2-18-2423-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/9652294749f3/MOL2-18-2423-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/797a7a8769ea/MOL2-18-2423-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/4510de3cb30e/MOL2-18-2423-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/ac15eea1a4a3/MOL2-18-2423-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/7cbea81f82f1/MOL2-18-2423-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/efe8/11459048/da0d0d305db2/MOL2-18-2423-g005.jpg

相似文献

[1]
Interferon regulatory factor 4 modulates epigenetic silencing and cancer-critical pathways in melanoma cells.

Mol Oncol. 2024-10

[2]
Epigenetic regulation of p14ARF and p16INK4A expression in cutaneous and uveal melanoma.

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015-3

[3]
Genetic variation in IRF4 expression modulates growth characteristics, tyrosinase expression and interferon-gamma response in melanocytic cells.

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2017-10-23

[4]
Cell-type-specific meQTLs extend melanoma GWAS annotation beyond eQTLs and inform melanocyte gene-regulatory mechanisms.

Am J Hum Genet. 2021-9-2

[5]
The tumor suppressor interferon regulatory factor 8 inhibits β-catenin signaling in breast cancers, but is frequently silenced by promoter methylation.

Oncotarget. 2017-7-25

[6]
Epigenetic regulation in human melanoma: past and future.

Epigenetics. 2015

[7]
C-terminal binding protein 2 is a novel tumor suppressor targeting the MYC-IRF4 axis in multiple myeloma.

Blood Adv. 2024-5-14

[8]
Inhibition of DNMT1 and ERRα crosstalk suppresses breast cancer via derepression of IRF4.

Oncogene. 2020-8-27

[9]
SOX10 Regulates Melanoma Immunogenicity through an IRF4-IRF1 Axis.

Cancer Res. 2021-12-15

[10]
DNA methylation of interferon regulatory factors in gastric cancer and noncancerous gastric mucosae.

Cancer Sci. 2010-4-2

本文引用的文献

[1]
D-Type Cyclins in Development and Disease.

Genes (Basel). 2023-7-14

[2]
The dynamic functions of IRF4 in B cell malignancies.

Clin Exp Med. 2023-8

[3]
Mutually exclusive genetic interactions and gene essentiality shape the genomic landscape of primary melanoma.

J Pathol. 2023-1

[4]
Multi-modal molecular programs regulate melanoma cell state.

Nat Commun. 2022-7-9

[5]
JASPAR 2022: the 9th release of the open-access database of transcription factor binding profiles.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2022-1-7

[6]
The reactome pathway knowledgebase 2022.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2022-1-7

[7]
SOX10 Regulates Melanoma Immunogenicity through an IRF4-IRF1 Axis.

Cancer Res. 2021-12-15

[8]
The MYC oncogene - the grand orchestrator of cancer growth and immune evasion.

Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022-1

[9]
Inhibition of xCT suppresses the efficacy of anti-PD-1/L1 melanoma treatment through exosomal PD-L1-induced macrophage M2 polarization.

Mol Ther. 2021-7-7

[10]
Integrated cross-study datasets of genetic dependencies in cancer.

Nat Commun. 2021-3-12

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