Dritschel B H, Pettinati H M
Carrier Foundation, Belle Mead, New Jersey 08502.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1989;15(1):61-72. doi: 10.3109/00952998908993400.
This study investigated whether occupational class is related to the severity of problems associated with alcohol abuse in females. Sixty-six female alcoholic inpatients at a private psychiatric hospital were studied. Of these women, 31 were workers (working at the time of admission), 18 were unemployed workers (unemployed at admission but had worked most of their adult lives), and the remaining 17 were homemakers. Problem severity was assessed for 66 alcoholic women using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), a standardized clinical interview. A questionnaire assessing the degree of occupational stress experienced was also administered. Employment problem severity ratings from the ASI differed significantly across the three occupation subgroups [F(2,63) = 10.99, p less than .05]; the unemployed workers reported more severe employment problems than did either the workers [t(63) = 3.07, p less than .05] or homemakers [t(63) = 4.77, p less than .05]. There were no significant differences between the three groups on the other five ASI dimensions. A cluster analysis on ASI severity ratings revealed a trend for workers to have family and psychological problems in addition to alcoholism. This seems not to have had an impact on wanting a job change; significantly more homemakers (z = 4.77, p less than .05) and unemployed workers (z = 4.56, p less than .05) than workers wanted a job change.
本研究调查了职业阶层是否与女性酒精滥用相关问题的严重程度有关。对一家私立精神病医院的66名女性酒精中毒住院患者进行了研究。在这些女性中，31名是工人（入院时在职），18名是失业工人（入院时失业，但成年后的大部分时间都有工作），其余17名是家庭主妇。使用成瘾严重程度指数（ASI）（一种标准化的临床访谈）对66名酒精中毒女性的问题严重程度进行了评估。还发放了一份评估职业压力程度的问卷。ASI中的就业问题严重程度评分在三个职业亚组之间存在显著差异[F(2,63) = 10.99，p <.05]；失业工人报告的就业问题比工人[t(63) = 3.07，p <.05]或家庭主妇[t(63) = 4.77，p <.05]更严重。在ASI的其他五个维度上，三组之间没有显著差异。对ASI严重程度评分进行聚类分析发现，除酒精中毒外，工人有家庭和心理问题的趋势。这似乎对想要换工作没有影响；想要换工作的家庭主妇（z = 4.77，p <.05）和失业工人（z = 4.56，p <.05）明显多于工人。
