Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Dec;84:118-126. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.12.006. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) denotes the initiation of gene expression after fertilization. It is part of the complex oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET) in which a highly specialized cell - the oocyte - is fertilized and transformed into a zygote that gives rise to an embryo that will develop into a newborn. From the perspective of gene expression, the OET reflects reprogramming of germ cell gene expression into the new developmental program of the zygote. This reprogramming occurs at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This review will discuss selected aspects of mammalian ZGA, highlighting shared features and evolved differences observed in commonly investigated mammals and non-mammalian model animals.
合子基因组激活（ZGA）表示受精后基因表达的开始。它是卵母细胞到胚胎转变（OET）的复杂过程的一部分，在这个过程中，一个高度特化的细胞——卵母细胞——被受精并转化为受精卵，受精卵将发育成新生儿。从基因表达的角度来看，OET反映了生殖细胞基因表达向受精卵新发育程序的重编程。这种重编程发生在转录和转录后水平。本综述将讨论哺乳动物 ZGA 的几个方面，突出在常用的哺乳动物和非哺乳动物模式动物中观察到的共同特征和进化差异。
