de Souto Barreto P, Andrieu S, Rolland Y
Dr. Philipe de Souto Barreto. Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement. 37, Allées Jules Guesde. 31000 Toulouse, France. Phone number: (+33) 561 145 668, Fax: (+33) 561 145 640, e-mail:
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2015;2(1):56-63. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2015.34.
Physical activity (PA) contributes to brain health and plasticity, which suggests that PA would protect against the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, research on PA and AD biomarkers is very scarce. The objective of the present study was to perform a systematic review of studies that investigated the associations between PA and β-amyloid brain deposition in humans. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus, PEDro, and PsychInfo databases. Articles were eligible if they have assessed both PA and β-amyloid brain deposition in humans. Five articles, published between 2010 and 2013, met eligibility criteria (study population varied across studies from 54 to 515, according with the β-amyloid measure. All five studies assessed both PA and PET-amyloid; among them, two studies also assessed CSF Aβ42 levels). All studies were based on cross-sectional data, from non-demented populations. Among the five included studies, three found significant associations between PA and β-amyloid brain deposition, and the other two did not find any significant association; limited evidence suggests that PA-amyloid plaques associations would be APOE ε4 allele-specific. In sum, no solid conclusions can be drawn on the associations between PA and human β-amyloid brain deposition currently. Future research on this topic should particularly pay attention to the operationalisation of clinically relevant and valid PA variables and should include important confounders in multivariate analysis. More information is needed on the potential interactions between PA and other AD risk factors (e.g., cognitive activities, APOE ε4 status, nutrition, smoking) and their combined effects on AD biomarkers.
体育活动（PA）有助于大脑健康和可塑性，这表明体育活动可以预防阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发生。然而，关于体育活动与AD生物标志物的研究非常稀少。本研究的目的是对调查体育活动与人类大脑β-淀粉样蛋白沉积之间关联的研究进行系统综述。在PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、SportDiscus、PEDro和PsychInfo数据库中进行了电子检索。如果文章评估了人类的体育活动和大脑β-淀粉样蛋白沉积，则符合入选标准。2010年至2013年发表的五篇文章符合入选标准（根据β-淀粉样蛋白测量方法，各研究的研究人群从54人到515人不等）。所有五项研究都评估了体育活动和PET-淀粉样蛋白；其中两项研究还评估了脑脊液Aβ42水平。所有研究均基于非痴呆人群的横断面数据。在纳入的五项研究中，三项研究发现体育活动与大脑β-淀粉样蛋白沉积之间存在显著关联，另外两项研究未发现任何显著关联；有限的证据表明，体育活动与淀粉样斑块的关联可能具有APOE ε4等位基因特异性。总之，目前关于体育活动与人类大脑β-淀粉样蛋白沉积之间的关联无法得出确凿结论。未来关于该主题的研究应特别关注临床相关且有效的体育活动变量的操作化，并应在多变量分析中纳入重要的混杂因素。需要更多关于体育活动与其他AD风险因素（如认知活动、APOE ε4状态、营养、吸烟）之间潜在相互作用及其对AD生物标志物综合影响的信息。
