Kessel R, Redl M, Mauermayer R, Praml G J
Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeitsmedizin, Universität München, Federal Republic of Germany.
Br J Ind Med. 1989 Feb;46(2):128-32. doi: 10.1136/oem.46.2.128.
Shotcrete techniques under compressed air are increasingly applied in the construction of tunnels. Up to now little is known about the influence of shotcrete dusts on the function of the lung. The lung function of 30 miners working with shotcrete under compressed air (before and after one shift) was measured. They carried personal air samplers to assess the total dust exposure. Long term effects were studied on a second group of 29 individuals exposed to shotcrete dusts and compressed air for two years. A significant increase of airway resistance and a significant decrease of some flow-volume parameters were found after one workshift. These changes partially correlate close to the dust exposure. After two years exposure a significant decrease of mean expiratory flow (MEF)50 and MEF25 was found. These results point to damage in the small airways and emphasise the major role of the lung function test--including the flow-volume manoeuvre for the medical examination of the workers. Additionally, they should carry filter masks.
压缩空气喷射混凝土技术在隧道建设中的应用日益广泛。到目前为止，对于喷射混凝土粉尘对肺部功能的影响知之甚少。对30名在压缩空气下进行喷射混凝土作业的矿工（一班次前后）的肺功能进行了测量。他们携带个人空气采样器以评估总粉尘暴露量。对另一组29名暴露于喷射混凝土粉尘和压缩空气环境两年的人员进行了长期影响研究。在一个班次的工作后，发现气道阻力显著增加，一些流量-容积参数显著下降。这些变化部分与粉尘暴露密切相关。在暴露两年后，发现平均呼气流量（MEF）50和MEF25显著下降。这些结果表明小气道受到损伤，并强调了肺功能测试——包括流量-容积测试在工人医学检查中的重要作用。此外，他们应该佩戴过滤口罩。
