Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
Occup Environ Med. 2013 Nov;70(11):803-9. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2012-101068. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
To investigate the relationship between dust exposure and annual change in lung function among employees in Norwegian silicon carbide (SiC) plants using a quantitative job exposure matrix (JEM) regarding total dust.
All employees, 20-55 years of age by inclusion (n=456), were examined annually for up to 5 years (1499 examinations). Spirometry was performed at each examination, and a questionnaire encompassing questions of respiratory symptoms, smoking status, job and smoking history, and present job held was completed. A JEM was constructed based on 1970 personal total dust exposure measurements collected during the study period. The association between lung function and total dust exposure was investigated using linear mixed models.
The annual change in forced expiratory volume (FEV) in one second per squared height, FEV1/height(2), per mg/m(3) increase in dust exposure was -2.3 (95% CI -3.8 to -0.79) (mL/m(2))×year(-1). In an employee of average height (1.79 m) and exposure (1.4 mg/m(3)) the estimated contribution to the annual change in FEV1 associated with dust was 10.4 mL/year. The annual change in FEV1/height(2) in current, compared with non-smokers was -1.9 (-7.2 to 3.4) (mL/m(2))×year(-1). The estimated overall annual decline in FEV1 among current and non-smokers in the highest exposed group was -91.2 (-124.3 to -58.1) (mL/m(2))×year(-1) and -49.0 (-80.2 to -17.8) (mL/m(2))×year(-1), respectively.
Dust exposure, expressed by a quantitative JEM, was found to be associated with an increased yearly decline in FEV1 in employees of Norwegian SiC plants.
利用一个关于总粉尘的定量工作暴露矩阵（JEM），研究挪威碳化硅（SiC）工厂中粉尘暴露与员工肺功能年变化之间的关系。
所有年龄在 20-55 岁之间的员工（n=456）都被纳入研究，并在 5 年内每年接受检查（共 1499 次检查）。每次检查都进行肺量测定，并完成一份涵盖呼吸症状、吸烟状况、工作和吸烟史以及目前工作情况的问卷。根据研究期间收集的 1970 年个人总粉尘暴露测量值，构建了一个 JEM。使用线性混合模型研究肺功能与总粉尘暴露之间的关系。
每增加 1 毫克/立方米粉尘暴露，用力呼气量（FEV）在一秒钟内的变化率（FEV1/身高（2））的年变化率为-2.3（95%置信区间为-3.8 至-0.79）（mL/m2）×年（-1）。对于身高为 1.79 米（m）且暴露量为 1.4 毫克/立方米（m3）的普通员工，与粉尘相关的 FEV1 年变化的估计贡献为 10.4 毫升/年。与非吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者的 FEV1/身高（2）的年变化率为-1.9（-7.2 至 3.4）（mL/m2）×年（-1）。在最高暴露组中，当前吸烟者和非吸烟者的 FEV1 年总下降估计分别为-91.2（-124.3 至-58.1）（mL/m2）×年（-1）和-49.0（-80.2 至-17.8）（mL/m2）×年（-1）。
使用定量 JEM 表示的粉尘暴露与挪威 SiC 工厂员工的 FEV1 年下降率增加有关。
