Correction of complicated extremity deformities by external fixation.

Thirty-three limb segments with various deformities in 28 children were treated by external fixation. Sole bone lengthenings and trauma cases were excluded from this study. The Wagner device was used in six cases, the Ilizarov ring fixator in seven, and the Orthofix in 20. Indications, techniques, results, and complications are discussed. The results indicate that modern external fixation is an effective alternative method in the treatment of problem cases such as congenital pseudarthroses, severe relapsed or neglected clubfoot, high dislocated hips, and limb deformities with length discrepancies.