Zapopan, Jalisco, and Mérida, Yucatán, México; and Bucaramanga, Colombia.
From Innovare Cirugía Plástica Especializada, the Divisions of Plastic Surgery and Internal Medicine, Jalisco Institute of Reconstructive Surgery "Dr. José Guerrerosantos"; the Jalisco College of Plastic, Esthetic and Reconstructive Surgery; private practice; and Clínica "El Pinar."
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Apr;141(4):880-890. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004219.
Liposuction and gluteal lipoinjection are two of the most frequent surgical procedures in body contouring surgery, and two of the most important complications are microscopic (MIFE) and macroscopic (MAFE) fat embolism. Despite a high index of morbidity and mortality, few reports exist about these complications, and although they have the same causal agent, their etiopathogenesis, clinical evolution, treatment, prognosis, and prevention are totally different. Therefore, the authors performed a comprehensive review of the literature to exhaustively analyze both pathologic conditions and present the differences between them.
A detailed search was carried out in PubMed of studies on humans from 1946 to March of 2017 in any language and including the keywords microscopic fat embolism and macroscopic fat embolism with either liposuction or gluteal lipoinjection. The articles found were selected according to the search criteria and were analyzed to provide the final data and recommendations.
Of the 1245 and 26 articles that were found on complications related to liposuction and gluteal lipoinjection, respectively, only 41 on liposuction and microscopic fat embolism and seven on gluteal lipoinjection and microscopic fat embolism met the specific criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Only two articles on liposuction and two on gluteal lipoinjection referred to macroscopic fat embolism as a complication.
Although microscopic fat embolism and macroscopic fat embolism are pathologic conditions with high morbidity and mortality rates in association with liposuction and gluteal lipoinjection, few reports about them exist; therefore, the authors made recommendations based on this study for their diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
吸脂术和臀脂注射术是身体整形手术中最常见的两种手术，两种最重要的并发症是微观（MIFE）和宏观（MAFE）脂肪栓塞。尽管发病率和死亡率很高，但关于这些并发症的报道很少，尽管它们有相同的病因，但它们的病因、临床演变、治疗、预后和预防是完全不同的。因此，作者对文献进行了全面回顾，以详尽分析这两种病理情况，并介绍它们之间的差异。
在 PubMed 中以任何语言进行了详细的搜索，从 1946 年到 2017 年 3 月，检索了关于吸脂术和臀脂注射术的人类研究，包括微观脂肪栓塞和宏观脂肪栓塞的关键词，以及吸脂术和臀脂注射术。根据搜索标准选择找到的文章，并进行分析以提供最终数据和建议。
在与吸脂术和臀脂注射术相关的并发症的 1245 篇和 26 篇文章中，只有 41 篇关于吸脂术和微观脂肪栓塞，7 篇关于臀脂注射术和微观脂肪栓塞符合纳入分析的具体标准。只有两篇关于吸脂术和两篇关于臀脂注射术的文章提到了宏观脂肪栓塞作为一种并发症。
尽管微观脂肪栓塞和宏观脂肪栓塞是与吸脂术和臀脂注射术相关的发病率和死亡率很高的病理情况，但关于它们的报道很少；因此，作者根据本研究提出了诊断、预防和治疗的建议。
