Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Preventive Medicine Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:1409656. doi: 10.1155/2017/1409656. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
Previous epidemiological investigations of the relationship between smoking and acute mountain sickness (AMS) risk yielded inconsistent findings. Therefore, a meta-analysis of observational studies was performed to determine whether smoking is related to the development of AMS.
Searches were performed on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant studies that were published before November 2016 reporting smoking prevalence and AMS. Two evaluators independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the type of participant, altitude, and study design.
A total of 11 observational studies involving 7,106 participants, 2,408 of which had AMS, were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The summary RR for AMS comparing smokers to nonsmokers was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.83 to 1.26). Specific analyses for altitude, type of participant, and study design yielded similar results. There was significant heterogeneity for all studies ( = 37.43; < 0.001; = 73%, 95% CI: 51% to 85%). No publication bias was observed (Egger's test: = 0.548, Begg's test: = 0.418).
The meta-analysis indicates that no difference was found in AMS risk with regard to smoking status.
先前有关吸烟与急性高原病（AMS）风险之间关系的流行病学研究结果并不一致。因此，进行了一项观察性研究的荟萃分析，以确定吸烟是否与 AMS 的发生有关。
在 PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science 上检索了截至 2016 年 11 月报告吸烟率和 AMS 的相关研究。两名评估员独立选择研究、提取数据并评估研究质量。使用随机效应模型获得合并的相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。根据参与者类型、海拔和研究设计进行了亚组分析。
共有 11 项观察性研究纳入了 7106 名参与者，其中 2408 名患有 AMS。吸烟者与不吸烟者比较 AMS 的汇总 RR 为 1.02（95%CI：0.83 至 1.26）。对海拔、参与者类型和研究设计的特定分析得出了相似的结果。所有研究均存在显著的异质性（ = 37.43；< 0.001； = 73%，95%CI：51%至 85%）。未观察到发表偏倚（Egger 检验： = 0.548，Begg 检验： = 0.418）。
荟萃分析表明，吸烟状况与 AMS 风险之间没有差异。
