Chugh Anshul, Narwal Anumeha
Department of Prosthodotics and Crown and Bridge, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India.
Department of Dental, BKN Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
J Forensic Dent Sci. 2017 May-Aug;9(2):51-55. doi: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_103_15.
Forensic odontology is the branch of dentistry which deals with the proper handling, examination, evaluation and presentation of dental findings in the interest of justice. After major disasters and perimortem assaults such as earthquakes, fires, severe head and neck trauma or gross decomposition, accurate and early identification of dead and injured becomes important. In the absence of other records in such cases, identification is based on restorations, missing teeth and prosthetic devices such as partial and complete removable/fixed prosthesis or implant retained devices. This brings out the major role of prosthodontics to investigate the identity of suspects in the criminal cases as well as the deceased human beings in traumatic injuries or in disasters. Denture identification systems are being used as means of postmortem identification of edentulous persons which has evolved from the inclusion of some form of printed label in a denture to more high-tech methods. The provision of implant retained complete lower denture, antemortem, and postmortem radiographs of edentulous persons and correlation of bite marks using special impression techniques provide another potential source of evidence for human identification. Hence, this literature review throws some light on the role played by prosthodontist in forensic odontology.
法医牙科学是牙医学的一个分支，它涉及为司法目的而对牙齿检查结果进行妥善处理、检查、评估和呈现。在发生重大灾难以及生前遭受袭击（如地震、火灾、严重的头部和颈部创伤或尸体严重腐烂）之后，准确且早期地识别死伤者变得至关重要。在这类案件中，若没有其他记录，身份识别则基于修复体、缺失牙以及诸如局部和全口可摘/固定义齿或种植体固位装置等修复器械。这凸显了口腔修复学在刑事案件中调查嫌疑人身份以及在创伤性损伤或灾难中调查死者身份方面的重要作用。义齿识别系统正被用作无牙颌者死后身份识别的手段，其已从在义齿中包含某种形式的印刷标签发展到采用更先进的技术方法。提供种植体固位的全口下义齿、无牙颌者生前和死后的X光片，以及使用特殊印模技术对比咬痕，为人员身份识别提供了另一个潜在的证据来源。因此，这篇文献综述揭示了口腔修复医生在法医牙科学中所起的作用。
