Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018 Mar;42(3):603-612. doi: 10.1111/acer.13585. Epub 2018 Feb 2.
Past research has indicated that both sleep difficulties and a parental history of alcoholism increase the risk of behavioral problems. But it is not known whether sleep difficulties differentially increase the risk of problem behaviors among children of alcoholics (COAs) and controls. We compared multiple measures of sleep and the relationships between sleep and behavioral problems in these 2 groups of children.
One hundred and fifteen children aged 8 to 12 (67% COAs; 56% girls; M = 10.85, SD = 1.51) participated in this study. Data presented here were taken from Time 1 of a larger prospective study designed to understand the relationship between sleep and alcohol use. All participants were naïve to alcohol and other illicit drugs. Participants were asked to wear an actigraph watch on their nondominant wrist for 1 week. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist.
Parents of COAs were more likely to rate their children as overtired compared with parents of non-COAs. Structural equation modeling analyses focusing on overall internalizing and externalizing problems did not reveal any group differences on the relationships between sleep measures and behavioral problems. Regression analyses focusing on specific behavioral problems showed that longer total sleep time, parental ratings of "sleep more" and "sleep less" than other children interacted with COA status to predict specific behavioral problems.
Sleep difficulties and duration appear to be a general risk factor for behavioral problems in both COAs and non-COAs, yet the relationships between specific sleep parameters and behavioral problems appear to be different between the 2 groups.
过往研究表明，睡眠困难和父母酗酒史都会增加行为问题的风险。但目前尚不清楚睡眠困难是否会使酗酒者子女（COAs）和对照组儿童出现行为问题的风险有所不同。我们比较了这两组儿童的多项睡眠测量指标以及睡眠与行为问题之间的关系。
本研究纳入了 115 名 8 至 12 岁的儿童（67%为 COAs；56%为女孩；M = 10.85，SD = 1.51）。这里呈现的数据来自一项旨在了解睡眠与酒精使用之间关系的更大前瞻性研究的第 1 时间点。所有参与者对酒精和其他非法药物均不知情。要求参与者在非优势手腕上佩戴活动记录仪手表一周。家长完成了《儿科睡眠问卷》和《Achenbach 儿童行为检查表》。
与非 COAs 的父母相比，COAs 的父母更有可能认为自己的孩子过度疲劳。针对总体内化和外化问题的结构方程模型分析并未显示睡眠测量指标与行为问题之间的关系存在任何组间差异。针对特定行为问题的回归分析表明，总睡眠时间较长、父母认为孩子“比其他孩子睡得多”和“比其他孩子睡得少”与 COA 状态的交互作用会预测特定的行为问题。
睡眠困难和时长似乎是 COAs 和非 COAs 出现行为问题的一般风险因素，但特定睡眠参数与行为问题之间的关系在两组之间似乎有所不同。
