Department of Natural Resources, Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Department of Communication, Mann Library, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Risk Anal. 2018 Jul;38(7):1405-1421. doi: 10.1111/risa.12953. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
Past research has suggested that urban anglers are a group at high risk of being exposed to contaminants from fish consumption. Fish consumption advisories have been used in many regions to encourage healthy fish-eating behaviors, but few studies have been designed to assess whether these advisories actually influence behavior as intended. We conducted a large-scale, randomized experiment to test the influence of an advisory brochure on urban anglers' fish consumption. We collected detailed information on anglers' fish consumption in three urban counties in the Great Lakes region in the summers of 2014 and 2015. We provided a treatment group with fish consumption guidelines in an advisory brochure before the summer of 2015 and compared their change in fish consumption to a control group. The brochure led to a reduction in fish consumption for anglers who ate the most fish; these anglers reduced their consumption of high-contaminant purchased fish (by ≥0.2 meals/summer for those in 72nd percentile of fish consumption or above), high-contaminant sport-caught fish (by ≥0.4 meals/summer for those in 87th percentile and above), and low-contaminant sport-caught fish (by ≥0.3 meals/summer by those in 76th percentile and above). The brochure also reduced sport-caught fish consumption among those anglers who exceeded the advisories in 2014 (by 2.0 meals/summer). In addition, the brochure led to small increases in sport-caught fish consumption (0.4-0.6 meals/summer) in urban anglers who ate very little sport-caught fish (≤1 meal/summer).
过去的研究表明，城市渔民是一组面临高风险的人群，他们可能会因食用鱼类而接触污染物。许多地区都使用鱼类消费建议来鼓励健康的吃鱼行为，但很少有研究旨在评估这些建议是否真的能按预期影响行为。我们进行了一项大规模的随机实验，以测试建议手册对城市渔民鱼类消费的影响。我们在 2014 年和 2015 年的夏季，在大湖区的三个城市县收集了有关渔民鱼类消费的详细信息。我们在 2015 年夏季之前，向实验组渔民提供了一份鱼类消费指南建议手册，并将他们的鱼类消费变化与对照组进行了比较。该手册导致食用鱼类最多的渔民减少了鱼类消费；这些渔民减少了高污染购买鱼类（对于食用鱼类处于 72%分位数以上的人，减少≥0.2 餐/夏季）、高污染运动捕获鱼类（对于食用鱼类处于 87%分位数及以上的人，减少≥0.4 餐/夏季）和低污染运动捕获鱼类（对于食用鱼类处于 76%分位数及以上的人，减少≥0.3 餐/夏季）的消费。该手册还减少了 2014 年超过建议量的渔民的运动捕获鱼类消费（减少 2.0 餐/夏季）。此外，该手册导致食用运动捕获鱼类较少的城市渔民的运动捕获鱼类消费略有增加（0.4-0.6 餐/夏季）（≤1 餐/夏季）。
