护士人员配备和教育与手术患者住院时间的关联。
Associations of Nurse Staffing and Education With the Length of Stay of Surgical Patients.
机构信息
Professor, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea.
Assistant Professor, The George Washington University School of Nursing, Washington, DC, USA.
出版信息
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2018 Mar;50(2):210-218. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12366. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
PURPOSE
To examine the association of nurse staffing and education with the length of stay of surgical patients in acute care hospitals in South Korea.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional survey design was used for a nurse survey in acute hospitals collected between 2008 and 2009. The survey data (N = 1,665) were linked with patient discharge data (N = 113,438) and hospital facility data from 58 hospitals with 100 or more beds in South Korea.
METHODS
The dependent variable was the length of stay, that is, the number of days a patient remained in the hospital. The independent variables were nurse staffing (number of patients per nurse) and nurses' education level (percentage of nurses with a bachelor of science in nursing [BSN] degree). A multilevel analysis was used to analyze the associations of nurse staffing and education level with the length of stay by controlling for both hospital and patient characteristics.
FINDINGS
The average proportion of nurses with a BSN in all the hospitals was 30.86%, while the average number of patients per nurse was 14.31. The median length of hospital stay for patients was about 7 days. The multilevel analysis showed that nurse staffing and nurse education level were significantly associated with the length of stay of surgical patients in acute care hospitals. A 10% increase in the average number of patients per nurse increased the length of stay by 0.284 days (p = .037). When the number of nurses with a BSN was increased by 1%, the length of stay decreased by 0.42 days (p = .025).
CONCLUSIONS
Nurse staffing and nurses' education levels were significantly associated with the length of stay of surgical patients in South Korean hospitals. The findings from this study suggest that the South Korea healthcare system should develop appropriate strategies to improve the nurse staffing and education levels to ensure high-quality patient care in hospitals.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Healthcare policymakers and nurse managers need to modify adequate nurse staffing and education levels in order to reduce the length of stay of patients.
目的
探讨韩国急性护理医院护士配置和教育水平与外科患者住院时间的关系。
设计
这是一项在 2008 年至 2009 年期间在急性医院进行的护士调查的横断面调查设计。调查数据（N=1665）与来自韩国 58 家拥有 100 张或更多床位的医院的 113438 名患者出院数据和医院设施数据相链接。
方法
因变量是住院时间，即患者在医院停留的天数。自变量是护士配置（每位护士的患者人数）和护士的教育水平（具有护理学理学学士学位的护士的百分比）。采用多水平分析方法，在控制医院和患者特征的情况下，分析护士配置和教育水平与住院时间的关系。
结果
所有医院护士中具有护理学理学学士学位的护士的平均比例为 30.86%，每位护士的平均患者人数为 14.31 人。患者的平均住院时间约为 7 天。多水平分析表明，护士配置和护士教育水平与急性护理医院外科患者的住院时间显著相关。每位护士的平均患者人数增加 10%，住院时间延长 0.284 天（p=0.037）。具有护理学理学学士学位的护士人数增加 1%，住院时间减少 0.42 天（p=0.025）。
结论
护士配置和护士教育水平与韩国医院外科患者的住院时间显著相关。本研究结果表明，韩国医疗保健系统应制定适当的策略，以提高护士配置和教育水平，确保医院提供高质量的患者护理。
临床相关性
医疗保健政策制定者和护士管理人员需要调整适当的护士配置和教育水平，以缩短患者的住院时间。
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