Ilunga Tshiswaka D, Seals S R, Raghavan P
Department of Public Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, USA.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, USA.
Public Health. 2018 Feb;155:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.11.007. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
To identify the characteristics of stroke survivors with poor physical function.
Cross-sectional.
Secondary data analyses were performed with the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data set. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions were employed to determine the correlates of poor physical function in stroke survivors. Self-reported difficulty with walking and stairs was used as a proxy for physical function. Characteristics such as age, race, sex, difficulty doing errands alone, difficult dressing or bathing alone, health care coverage, time since last routine checkup, and reported financial difficulty with regard to health care access were examined as contributing factors to physical function.
Approximately half of all stroke survivors reported having difficulty with walking and stairs (50.3%). As expected, the odds of reporting difficulty with walking and stairs were higher among stroke survivors aged 40 years and above (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, black/African American and multiracial respondents had higher odds of reporting difficulty with walking and stairs than whites, whereas Hispanic respondents had lower odds of reporting difficulty with walking and stairs than whites (p < 0.0001). Further analyses revealed that the disparity of physical function was preserved (p < 0.0001) after adjusting for age, race, sex, education level, family income, marital status, employment status, health insurance status, affordability of healthcare, and length of time from last doctor's visit.
There were racial/ethnic disparities in physical function. Specifically, blacks/ African Americans had a 5.6% increase in the odds of reporting difficulty with walking and stairs than whites. Moreover, Hispanics reported significantly fewer problems than whites. Overall, similar sociocultural patterns in non-stroke and stroke populations were observed in this study.
确定身体功能较差的中风幸存者的特征。
横断面研究。
利用2015年行为危险因素监测系统数据集进行二次数据分析。采用未调整和调整后的逻辑回归来确定中风幸存者身体功能较差的相关因素。自我报告的行走和上下楼梯困难被用作身体功能的替代指标。研究了年龄、种族、性别、独自完成日常事务困难、独自穿衣或洗澡困难、医疗保险覆盖范围、上次常规体检以来的时间以及报告的获得医疗保健的经济困难等特征作为身体功能的影响因素。
约一半的中风幸存者报告有行走和上下楼梯困难（50.3%）。正如预期的那样，40岁及以上的中风幸存者报告行走和上下楼梯困难的几率更高（p<0.0001）。有趣的是，黑人/非裔美国人和多种族受访者报告行走和上下楼梯困难的几率高于白人，而西班牙裔受访者报告行走和上下楼梯困难的几率低于白人（p<0.0001）。进一步分析显示，在调整年龄、种族、性别、教育水平、家庭收入、婚姻状况、就业状况、健康保险状况、医疗保健可承受性以及上次看医生后的时间长度后，身体功能的差异仍然存在（p<0.0001）。
身体功能存在种族/民族差异。具体而言，黑人/非裔美国人报告行走和上下楼梯困难的几率比白人高5.6%。此外，西班牙裔报告的问题明显少于白人。总体而言，本研究在非中风人群和中风人群中观察到了相似的社会文化模式。
