Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2018 Feb;19:125-130. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.013. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
The I Model is a general-purpose metatheory. It posits that three orthogonal processes influence the likelihood and intensity of a given behavior, including aggressive behavior. Instigation encompasses immediate environmental stimuli (e.g., provocation) that normatively afford an aggressive response. Impellance encompasses situational or dispositional qualities (e.g., trait aggressiveness) that influence how strongly the instigator produces a proclivity to enact that response. Inhibition encompasses situational or dispositional qualities (e.g., alcohol intoxication) that influence how strongly the proclivity is overridden rather than manifesting in aggressive behavior. Extant evidence supports Perfect Storm Theory-a theoretical perspective derived from the I Model-which posits that aggression is especially likely, and especially intense, to the extent that instigation and impellance are strong and inhibition is weak.
I 模型是一种通用的元理论。它假设三个正交过程会影响特定行为(包括攻击行为)的可能性和强度。挑衅包括规范上允许攻击反应的即时环境刺激(例如,挑衅)。推动力包括情境或性格特质(例如,攻击性特质),这些特质会影响挑衅者产生实施该反应的倾向的强烈程度。抑制包括情境或性格特质(例如,酒精中毒),这些特质会影响倾向被抑制而不是表现为攻击行为的强烈程度。现有的证据支持完美风暴理论——一种源自 I 模型的理论观点,该理论认为,挑衅和推动力越强,抑制力越弱,攻击就越有可能发生,而且强度也越高。