Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
J Sep Sci. 2018 Mar;41(6):1274-1286. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201701239.
New psychoactive substances are defined as compounds with consciousness-changing effects and have been developed simultaneously with classical drugs. They arise through structural modifications of illegal substances and are mainly produced to circumvent laws. Availability is simple, since new psychoactive substances can be purchased from the Internet. Among them many chemical drug compound classes are chiral and thus the two resulting enantiomers can differ in their effects. The aim of this study is to develop a suitable chiral high-performance liquid chromatography separation method for a broad spectrum of new psychoactive substances using cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) as a chiral selector. Experiments were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography in normal-phase mode under isocratic conditions using ultraviolet detection. Direct separation was carried out on a high-performance liquid chromatography column (Lux® i-Cellulose-5, 3.5 μm, Phenomenex®), available since 2016. Excellent separation results were obtained for cathinones. After further optimization, even 47 instead of 39 out of 52 cathinones showed baseline separation. For amphetamine derivatives, satisfactory results were not achieved. Further, new psychoactive substances from other compound classes such as benzofuranes, thiophenes, phenidines, phenidates, morpholines, and ketamines were partially resolved, depending on the polarity and degree of substitution. All analytes, which were mainly purchased from the Internet, were proven to be traded as racemates.
新型精神活性物质被定义为具有意识改变作用的化合物，与经典药物同时开发。它们是通过对非法物质进行结构修饰而产生的，主要是为了规避法律。由于新型精神活性物质可以从互联网上购买，因此它们的供应非常简单。其中许多化学药物化合物是手性的，因此两种手性对映体在作用上可能有所不同。本研究的目的是开发一种合适的手性高效液相色谱分离方法，用于广泛的新型精神活性物质，使用纤维素三（3,5-二氯苯基氨基甲酸酯）作为手性选择剂。实验通过高效液相色谱在正相模式下进行等度条件下进行，使用紫外检测。直接分离在高效液相色谱柱（2016 年上市的 Phenomenex®Lux®i-Cellulose-5，3.5μm）上进行。对去甲伪麻黄碱获得了极好的分离效果。经过进一步优化，即使在 52 种去甲伪麻黄碱中，也有 47 种而非 39 种实现了基线分离。对于苯丙胺衍生物，未获得满意的结果。此外，根据极性和取代程度，其他化合物类别的新型精神活性物质，如苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯丙胺、苯丁胺、吗啡啉和氯胺酮，部分得到了分离。所有分析物主要从互联网上购买，被证明是以外消旋体形式交易的。
