Hossain Md Motaher, Sultana Farjana
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
College of Agricultural Sciences, International University of Business Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1734:307-328. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7604-1_24.
A detailed description of methods most frequently used for the identification and characterization of beneficial microbial strains is presented in this chapter. The methods include microbiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches. Microbiological and biochemical methods comprise a broad range of techniques that are based on the analysis of phosphate solubilization, nitrogenase activity, indole-3-acetic acid production, bacterial motility, presence of catalase and nitrate reductase enzyme, Gram's staining of the cell wall, siderophore production, and microbial chemotaxis. The molecular methods involve a range of techniques that are based on the extraction and analysis of microbial DNA. The extracted nucleic acid can be specifically amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and subsequently cloned and sequenced. The sequencing of conserved genes such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region or 16S rRNA in a microbial genome is used extensively in resolving taxonomic identity of microbial strains. These methods are highly sensitive and allow for a high degree of specificity.
本章详细介绍了最常用于鉴定和表征有益微生物菌株的方法。这些方法包括微生物学、生物化学和分子学方法。微生物学和生物化学方法包括一系列基于分析磷酸盐溶解、固氮酶活性、吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸产生、细菌运动性、过氧化氢酶和硝酸还原酶的存在、细胞壁革兰氏染色、铁载体产生以及微生物趋化性的技术。分子方法涉及一系列基于微生物DNA提取和分析的技术。提取的核酸可以使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行特异性扩增，随后进行克隆和测序。微生物基因组中保守基因如内转录间隔区（ITS）区域或16S rRNA的测序在解决微生物菌株的分类身份方面被广泛使用。这些方法高度灵敏且具有高度特异性。
