Wozniak Slawomir, Florjanski Jerzy, Kordecki Henryk, Podhorska-Okolow Marzena, Domagala Zygmunt
Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
2nd Department and Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Ann Anat. 2018 Mar;216:152-158. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.12.003. Epub 2017 Dec 29.
Ultrasound examinations during pregnancy are routine procedures used to detect fetal congenital malformations. Ultrasound monitoring of sigmoid colon mesenterial development could be useful for early detection of subjects at risk of sigmoid colon volvulus.
The aim of our paper was to assess the sigmoid colon length, and sigmoid colon mesentery width and height in the late fetal period, and, using the results, to estimate the surface area of the mesocolon (in mm) in living fetuses. Moreover, we attempted to repeat some of these measurements in living fetuses using ultrasound imaging.
The study was carried out on 209 formalin fixed human fetuses (100 female and 109 male) aged from 4th to 7th gestational months (102-203 days), with a crown-rump length of 132-342mm. The length of the sigmoid colon, as well as the height and width of its mesentery were measured. The surface area of the mesocolon was estimated. Correction for formalin induced shrinkage was applied. Pilot ultrasound examinations of live fetuses were performed.
Mean values of sigmoid colon length, mesenteric width and height (formalin fixed fetuses) for respective gestational ages were: month 4: 21.46±6.7mm, 6.80±2.1mm, 5.5±1.49mm; month 5: 27.32±1.2mm, 7.62±2.01mm, 7.33±2.17mm; month 6: 47.56±9.57mm, 11.68±3.8mm, 10.3±3.05mm; month 7: 56.92±17.48mm. 15.32±8 mm, 12.81±3.16mm. The surface area ranges of the sigmoid colon mesentery found for respective gestational months (intrauterine fetuses) were as follows: month 4: 33.24-51.95mm; month 5: 49.63-77.6mm; month 6: 106.89-167.15mm and month 7: 145.69-272.53mm.
The surface area of the sigmoid colon mesentery can be used as a simple parameter applied in fetal ultrasonographic evaluation. The development of the sigmoid colon accelerates in the 6th gestational month, and decelerates in the 7th gestational month. The sigmoid colon mesentery width was larger than its height between the 4th and 7th gestational months.
孕期超声检查是用于检测胎儿先天性畸形的常规程序。对乙状结肠系膜发育进行超声监测可能有助于早期发现有乙状结肠扭转风险的个体。
本文旨在评估孕晚期胎儿的乙状结肠长度、乙状结肠系膜宽度和高度，并利用这些结果估算活体胎儿中结肠系膜的表面积（以平方毫米为单位）。此外，我们尝试使用超声成像对活体胎儿重复进行其中一些测量。
该研究对209例经福尔马林固定的人类胎儿（100例女性和109例男性）进行，胎龄为妊娠第4至7个月（102 - 203天），顶臀长为132 - 342毫米。测量乙状结肠的长度及其系膜的高度和宽度。估算结肠系膜的表面积。对福尔马林引起的收缩进行校正。对活体胎儿进行了超声检查试点。
各孕周乙状结肠长度、系膜宽度和高度（福尔马林固定胎儿）的平均值分别为：第4个月：21.46±6.7毫米，6.80±2.1毫米，5.5±1.49毫米；第5个月：27.32±1.2毫米，7.62±2.01毫米，7.33±2.17毫米；第6个月：47.56±9.57毫米，11.68±3.8毫米，10.3±3.05毫米；第7个月：56.92±17.48毫米，15.32±8毫米，12.81±3.16毫米。各孕周（宫内胎儿）乙状结肠系膜表面积范围如下：第4个月：33.24 - 51.95平方毫米；第5个月：49.63 - 77.6平方毫米；第6个月：106.89 - 167.15平方毫米；第7个月：145.69 - 272.53平方毫米。
乙状结肠系膜的表面积可作为胎儿超声评估中的一个简单参数。乙状结肠的发育在妊娠第6个月加速，在妊娠第7个月减速。在妊娠第4至7个月期间，乙状结肠系膜宽度大于其高度。
