MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China.
Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany.
Chemistry. 2018 May 23;24(29):7312-7329. doi: 10.1002/chem.201705555. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
Carbon based supercapacitors (CSCs), with high output power and long lifespan, are considered as promising power sources for modern electronic devices. The rush to find new approaches for optimizing their electrochemical behaviors is still vibrant, and particularly, widespread enthusiasm was focused on improving the energy density of CSCs through improving the specific capacitance and expanding the operating voltage. In this regard, this article provides a brief review about recent progress and new understanding about the assembly of CSCs with high energy density. Novel applied strategies were highlighted and discussed from the aspects of electrolyte, electrodes, and device modulation. Dynamic and mechanism factors associated with the energy storage process of CSCs are particularly emphasized. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are elaborated in the hope of guiding the promising direction for the design of high-energy CSCs.
碳基超级电容器（CSCs）具有输出功率高、寿命长等优点，被认为是现代电子设备有前途的电源。人们仍在积极寻求优化其电化学行为的新方法，特别是通过提高比电容和扩大工作电压来提高 CSCs 的能量密度，引起了广泛的关注。在这方面，本文简要综述了近年来在组装具有高能量密度的 CSCs 方面的最新进展和新认识。从电解质、电极和器件调节等方面强调并讨论了新颖的应用策略。特别强调了与 CSCs 储能过程相关的动态和机制因素。最后，阐述了机遇和挑战，以期为设计高能量 CSCs 指明有希望的方向。
